?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Minds%2C+Machines+and+Searle&rft.creator=Harnad%2C+Stevan&rft.subject=Cognitive+Psychology&rft.subject=Robotics&rft.subject=Semantics&rft.subject=Philosophy+of+Mind&rft.description=Searle's+celebrated+Chinese+Room+Argument+has+shaken+the%0Afoundations+of+Artificial+Intelligence.+Many+refutations+have+been+attempted%2C+but%0Anone+seem+convincing.+This+paper+is+an+attempt+to+sort+out+explicitly+the%0Aassumptions+and+the+logical%2C+methodological+and+empirical+points+of+disagreement.%0ASearle+is+shown+to+have+underestimated+some+features+of+computer+modeling%2C+but%0Athe+heart+of+the+issue+turns+out+to+be+an+empirical+question+about+the+scope+and%0Alimits+of+the+purely+symbolic+(computational)+model+of+the+mind.+Nonsymbolic%0Amodeling+turns+out+to+be+immune+to+the+Chinese+Room+Argument.+The+issues%0Adiscussed+include+the+Total+Turing+Test%2C+modularity%2C+neural+modeling%2C+robotics%2C%0Acausality+and+the+symbol-grounding+problem.+&rft.date=1989&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=text%2Fhtml&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1573%2F1%2Fharnad89.searle.html&rft.identifier=++Harnad%2C+Stevan++(1989)+Minds%2C+Machines+and+Searle.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1573%2F