?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Grounding+Symbols+in+the+Analog+World+with+Neural+Nets&rft.creator=Harnad%2C+Stevan&rft.subject=Dynamical+Systems&rft.subject=Neural+Modelling&rft.subject=Philosophy+of+Mind&rft.description=Harnad's+main+argument+can+be+roughly+summarised+as+follows%3A+due+to+Searle's%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Chinese+Room+argument%2C+symbol+systems+by+themselves+are+insufficient+to%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++exhibit+cognition%2C+because+the+symbols+are+not+grounded+in+the+real+world%2C+hence%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++without+meaning.+However%2C+a+symbol+system+that+is+connected+to+the+real+world%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++through+transducers+receiving+sensory+data%2C+with+neural+nets+translating+these%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++data+into+sensory+categories%2C+would+not+be+subject+to+the+Chinese+Room%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++argument.+%0A%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Harnad's+article+is+not+only+the+starting+point+for+the+present+debate%2C+but+is+also+a%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++contribution+to+a+longlasting+discussion+about+such+questions+as%3A+Can+a+computer%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++think%3F+If+yes%2C+would+this+be+solely+by+virtue+of+its+program%3F+Is+the+Turing+Test%0A+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++appropriate+for+deciding+whether+a+computer+thinks%3F&rft.contributor=Powers%2C+D.M.W.&rft.contributor=Flach%2C+P.A.&rft.date=1993&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=text%2Fhtml&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1586%2F1%2Fharnad93.symb.anal.net.html&rft.identifier=++Harnad%2C+Stevan++(1993)+Grounding+Symbols+in+the+Analog+World+with+Neural+Nets.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1586%2F