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--- abstract: | In our century a Frege/Brentano wedge has gradually been driven into the mind/body problem so deeply that it appears to have split it into two: The problem of "qualia" and the problem of "intentionality." Both problems use similar intuition pumps: For qualia, we imagine a robot that is indistinguishable from us in every objective respect, but it lacks subjective experiences; it is mindless. For intentionality, we again imagine a robot that is indistinguishable from us in every objective respect but its "thoughts" lack "aboutness"; they are meaningless. I will try to show that there is a way to re-unify the mind/body problem by grounding the "language of thought" (symbols) in our perceptual categorization capacity. The model is bottom-up and hybrid symbolic/nonsymbolic. altloc: - http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnadXX.one.mind.body.problem.html chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: July 1992 conference: 'Symposium on the Perception of Intentionality, XXV World Congress of Psychology' confloc: 'Brussels, Belgium' contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Harnad given: Stevan honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 1992 date_type: published datestamp: 2001-06-19 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/16/25 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: [] eprint_status: archive eprintid: 1625 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/text_html.png;/1625/1/harnadXX.one.mind.body.problem.html full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: unpub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: 'mind/body problem, qualia, intentionality, Turing test, Total Turing Test' lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:54:43 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: ~ pubdom: FALSE publication: ~ publisher: ~ refereed: FALSE referencetext: |- Harnad, S., Steklis, H. 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Document D91-09, Deutsches Forschungszentrum fur Kuenstliche Intelligenz GmbH Kaiserslautern FRG, pp. 65-74. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad91.cpnets.html Harnad, S. (1992) Connecting Object to Symbol in Modeling Cognition. In: A. Clark and R. Lutz (Eds) Connectionism in Context Springer Verlag, pp 75 - 90. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad92.symbol.object.html Harnad, S. (1992) The Turing Test Is Not A Trick: Turing Indistinguishability Is A Scientific Criterion. SIGART Bulletin 3(4) (October) 9 - 10. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad92.turing.html Hayes, P., Harnad, S., Perlis, D. & Block, N. (1992) Virtual Symposium on Virtual Mind. Minds and Machines 2: 217-238. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad92.virtualmind.html Harnad, S. (1993) Grounding Symbols in the Analog World with Neural Nets. Think 2(1) 12 - 78 (Special issue on "Connectionism versus Symbolism," D.M.W. Powers & P.A. 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PSYCOLOQUY 4(34) frame-problem.11 http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad93.frameproblem.html http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?4.34 Harnad, S. (1993) Exorcizing the Ghost of Mental Imagery. Commentary on: JI Glasgow: "The Imagery Debate Revisited." Computational Intelligence 9(4) 309-333. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad93.imagery.html Harnad S. (1993) Discussion (passim) In: Bock, G.R. & Marsh, J. (Eds.) Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Consciousness. CIBA Foundation Symposium 174. Chichester: Wiley Harnad, S. (1994) Levels of Functional Equivalence in Reverse Bioengineering: The Darwinian Turing Test for Artificial Life. Artificial Life 1(3): 293-301. Reprinted in: C.G. Langton (Ed.). Artifial Life: An Overview. MIT Press 1995. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad94.artlife2.html Harnad S, (1994) The Convergence Argument in Mind-Modelling: Scaling Up from Toyland to the Total Turing Test. Cognoscenti 1: Harnad, S. (1994) Computation Is Just Interpretable Symbol Manipulation: Cognition Isn't. Special Issue on "What Is Computation" Minds and Machines 4:379-390 [Also appears in French translation in "Penser l'Esprit: Des Sciences de la Cognition a une Philosophie Cognitive," V. Rialle & D. Fisette, Eds. Presses Universite de Grenoble. 1996] http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.computation.cognition.html Harnad, S, (1995) Does the Mind Piggy-Back on Robotic and Symbolic Capacity? In: H. Morowitz (ed.) "The Mind, the Brain, and Complex Adaptive Systems." Santa Fe Institute Studies in the Sciences of Complexity. Volume XXII. P. 204-220. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.mind.robot.html Harnad, S. (1995) Grounding Symbolic Capacity in Robotic Capacity. In: Steels, L. and R. Brooks (eds.) The Artificial Life Route to Artificial Intelligence: Building Embodied Situated Agents. New Haven: Lawrence Erlbaum. Pp. 277-286. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.robot.html Harnad, S. Hanson, S.J. & Lubin, J. (1995) Learned Categorical Perception in Neural Nets: Implications for Symbol Grounding. In: V. Honavar & L. Uhr (eds) Symbol Processors and Connectionist Network Models in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Modelling: Steps Toward Principled Integration. Academic Press. pp. 191-206. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.cpnets.html Harnad, S. (1995) Why and How We Are Not Zombies. Journal of Consciousness Studies 1: 164-167. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.zombies.html Harnad, S. (1995) The Warp Factor. Guardian (OnLine: OffLine) Thursday February 23 1995. P. 11. http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/whorf.html Harnad, S. (1995) Grounding symbols in sensorimotor categories with neural networks. In: IEE Colloquium "Grounding Representations: Integration of Sensory Information in Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks" (Digest No.1995/103). http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.iee.html Harnad, S. (1995) What Thoughts Are Made Of. Nature 378: 455-456. Book Review of: Churchland, PM. (1995) The Engine of Reason, the Seat of the Soul: A Philosophical Journey into the Brain (MIT Press) and Greenfield, SA (1995) Journey to the Centers of the Mind. (Freeman) Nature (1995) http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.churchland.bookrev.html Harnad, S. (1996) The Origin of Words: A Psychophysical Hypothesis In Velichkovsky B & Rumbaugh, D. (Eds.) "Communicating Meaning: Evolution and Development of Language. NJ: Erlbaum: pp 27-44. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad96.word.origin.html Harnad, S. (1996) Experimental Analysis of Naming Behavior Cannot Explain Naming Capacity. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 65: 262-264. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad96.naming.html Harnad, S. (1996) What to Do About Feelings? [Published as "Conscious Ecumenism" Review of PSYCHE: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Consciousness] Times Higher Education Supplement. June 7 1996, P. 29. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad96.feelings.html Cangelosi, A., Greco, A. & Harnad, S. (1996) Categorical perception effects in connectionist models. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Italian Psychological Association. Experimental Psychology Section. Capri, 30 September 1996. Greco, A., Cangelosi, A. & Harnad, S. (1997) A connectionist model of categorical perception and symbol grounding. Proceedings of the 15th Annual Workshop of the European Society for the Study of Cognitive Systems. Freiburg (D). January 1997: 7. Harnad, S. (1997) "Lively Flights of Fancy." Book review of M. Boden (ed.) "The Philosophy of Artificial Life." Blackwell. Times Higher Education Supplement. January 31, 1997 http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad97.thes.alife.html Pevtzow, R. & Harnad, S. (1997) Warping Similarity Space in Category Learning by Human Subjects: The Role of Task Difficulty. In: Ramscar, M., Hahn, U., Cambouropolos, E. & Pain, H. (Eds.) Proceedings of SimCat 1997: Interdisciplinary Workshop on Similarity and Categorization. Department of Artificial Intelligence, Edinburgh University: 189 - 195. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/pevtzow97.textures.html Tijsseling, A. & Harnad, S. (1997) Warping Similarity Space in Category Learning by Backprop Nets. In: Ramscar, M., Hahn, U., Cambouropolos, E. & Pain, H. (Eds.) Proceedings of SimCat 1997: Interdisciplinary Workshop on Similarity and Categorization. Department of Artificial Intelligence, Edinburgh University: 263 - 269. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/tijsseling97.cpnets.html Andrews, J., Livingston, K. & Harnad, S. (1998). Categorical Perception Effects Induced by Category Learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/ Harnad, S. (1998) Turing Indistinguishability and the Blind Watchmaker. In: Mulhauser, G. (ed.) "Evolving Consciousness" Amsterdam: John Benjamins (in press) http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad98.turing.evol.html Harnad, S. (1998) Beyond Object Constancy. Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) Seminar on "Self-Learning Robots II: Bio-Robotics" (Digest 98/248: 2/1-2/3) http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad98.iee.embodiment.html Greco, A., Cangelosi, A., & Harnad, S. (1998) A Connectionist Model for Categorical Perception and Symbol Grounding. Harnad, S. (1998) Hardships of Cognitive Science. Review of J. Shear (Ed.) Explaining Consciousness (MIT/Bradford 1997) Trends in Cognitive Sciences (in press) Csato, L., Kovacs, G, Harnad, S. Pevtzow, R & Lorincz, A. (submitted) Category Learning, Categorisation Difficulty and Categorical Perception: Compututational Modules and behavioural Evidence. Connection Science. Greco, A., Cangelosi, A., & Harnad, S. (in prep.) A Connectionist Model for Categorical Perception and Symbol Grounding. Cangelosi, A & Harnad, S. (in prep) On the Virtues of Theft Over Honest Toil: Grounding Language and Thought in Sensorimotor Categories: Grounding Language and thought in Senosimotor Categories. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad96.language.theft.html Harnad, S. (in prep) From Praxis to Pantomime to Propositions: Communicative Continuum or Cognitive Hurdles? (Proceedings of the Language Origins Society) Harnad, S. (in preparation) Icon, Category, Symbol: Essays on the Foundations and Fringes of Cognition. Cambridge University Press. relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 8 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:39:10 subjects: - cog-psy - phil-mind succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: There Is Only One Mind/Body Problem type: confpaper userid: 63 volume: ~