---
abstract: |-
  The refereed journal literature can be freed of all access-tolls on-line if authors self-archive all their
  pre- and post-refereeing papers in institutional Eprint Archives, interoperable and OAI-compliant
  http://www.eprints.org
altloc:
  - http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/newscientist.htm
chapter: ~
commentary: ~
commref: ~
confdates: ~
conference: ~
confloc: ~
contact_email: ~
creators_id: []
creators_name:
  - family: Harnad
    given: Stevan
    honourific: ''
    lineage: ''
date: 2001-05
date_type: published
datestamp: 2001-06-26
department: ~
dir: disk0/00/00/16/43
edit_lock_since: ~
edit_lock_until: ~
edit_lock_user: ~
editors_id: []
editors_name: []
eprint_status: archive
eprintid: 1643
fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/text_html.png;/1643/1/newscientist.htm
full_text_status: public
importid: ~
institution: ~
isbn: ~
ispublished: pub
issn: ~
item_issues_comment: []
item_issues_count: 0
item_issues_description: []
item_issues_id: []
item_issues_reported_by: []
item_issues_resolved_by: []
item_issues_status: []
item_issues_timestamp: []
item_issues_type: []
keywords: 'refereed journals, peer review, self-archiving, eprints, electronic publishing, copyright'
lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:54:43
latitude: ~
longitude: ~
metadata_visibility: show
note: ~
number: 2292
pagerange: 53
pubdom: FALSE
publication: New Scientist
publisher: ~
refereed: FALSE
referencetext: |-
  Carr, L., Hitchcock, S., Hall, W. & Harnad, S. (2000) A usage based analysis of CoRR [A commentary on "CoRR: a
  Computing Research Repository" by Joseph Y. Halpern] ACM SIGDOC Journal of Computer Documentation. 
  May 2000. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.halpern.htm 
  http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/papers/cseimpactfactor05092000.html 
  
  Duranceau, E. & Harnad, S. (1999) Electronic Journal Forum: Resetting Our Intuition Pumps for the Online-Only Era: A
  Conversation With Stevan Harnad. Serials Review 25(1): 109-115 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad99.ejforum.html 
  
  Garfield, E., (1955) Citation Indexes for Science: A New Dimension in Documentation through Association of Ideas. Science
  122: 108-111 http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/papers/science_v122(3159)p108y1955.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1990) Scholarly Skywriting and the Prepublication Continuum of Scientific Inquiry. Psychological Science 1: 342
  - 343 (reprinted in Current Contents 45: 9-13, November 11 1991).
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad90.skywriting.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1991) Post-Gutenberg Galaxy: The Fourth Revolution in the Means of Production of Knowledge. Public-Access
  Computer Systems Review 2 (1): 39 - 53 (also reprinted in PACS Annual Review Volume 2 1992; and in R. D. Mason (ed.)
  Computer Conferencing: The Last Word. Beach Holme Publishers, 1992; and in: M. Strangelove & D. Kovacs: Directory of
  Electronic Journals, Newsletters, and Academic Discussion Lists (A. Okerson, ed), 2nd edition. Washington, DC, Association
  of Research Libraries, Office of Scientific & Academic Publishing, 1992); and in Hungarian translation in REPLIKA 1994;
  and in Japanese in "Research and Development of Scholarly Information Dissemination Systems" 1994-1995. 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad91.postgutenberg.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1992) Interactive Publication: Extending American Physical Society's Discipline-Specific Model for Electronic
  Publishing. Serials Review, Special Issue on Economics Models for Electronic Publishing, pp. 58 - 61. 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad92.interactivpub.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1994) A Subversive Proposal. In: Ann Okerson & James O'Donnell (Eds.) Scholarly Journals at the Crossroads:
  A Subversive Proposal for Electronic Publishing. Washington, DC., Association of Research Libraries, June 1995. 
  http://www.arl.org/scomm/subversive/toc.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1995a) The PostGutenberg Galaxy: How to Get There From Here. Information Society 11(4) 285-292. Also
  appeared in: Times Higher Education Supplement. Multimedia. P. vi. 12 May 1995 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/THES/thes.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1995b) Sorting the Esoterica from the Exoterica: There's Plenty of Room in Cyberspace: Response to Fuller.
  Information Society 11(4) 305-324. Also appeared in: Times Higher Education Supplement. Multimedia. P. vi 9 June 1995 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/THES/harful1.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1995c) Interactive Cognition: Exploring the Potential of Electronic Quote/Commenting. In: B. Gorayska & J. L.
  Mey (Eds.) Cognitive Technology: In Search of a Humane Interface. Elsevier P. 397-414. 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.interactive.cognition.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1995d) Electronic Scholarly Publication: Quo Vadis? Serials Review 21(1) 70-72 (Reprinted in Managing
  Information 2(3) 1995). 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad95.quo.vadis.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1996) Implementing Peer Review on the Net: Scientific Quality Control in Scholarly Electronic Journals. In:
  Peek, R. & Newby, G. (Eds.) Scholarly Publishing: The Electronic Frontier. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. Pp 103-108. 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad96.peer.review.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1997a) How to Fast-Forward Serials to the Inevitable and the Optimal for Scholars and Scientists. Serials
  Librarian 30: 73-81. http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad97.learned.serials.html 
  (Reprinted in C. Christiansen & C. Leatham, Eds. Pioneering New Serials Frontiers: From Petroglyphs to CyberSerials. NY:
  Haworth Press, and in French translation as Comment Accelerer l'Ineluctable Evolution des Revues Erudites vers la Solution
  Optimale pour les Chercheurs et la Recherche http://www.enssib.fr/eco-doc/harnadinteg.html 
  
  Harnad, S (1997b) The Paper House of Cards (And Why It is Taking So Long to Collapse). Ariadne 8: 6-7.   Longer version 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad97.paper.house.ariadne.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1997c) Learned Inquiry and the Net: The Role of Peer Review, Peer Commentary and Copyright. Learned
  Publishing 11(4) 283-292. Short version appeared in 1997 in Antiquity 71: 1042-1048. Excerpts also appeared in the
  University of Toronto Bulletin: 51(6) P. 12. http://citd.scar.utoronto.ca/EPub/talks/Harnad_Snider.html 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad98.toronto.learnedpub.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1998a) For Whom the Gate Tolls? Free the Online-Only Refereed Literature. American Scientist Forum.
  http://amsci-forum.amsci.org/archives/september98-forum.html 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/amlet.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1998b) On-Line Journals and Financial Fire-Walls. Nature 395(6698): 127-128
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/nature.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1998/2000) The invisible hand of peer review. Nature [online] (5 Nov. 1998)
  http://helix.nature.com/webmatters/invisible/invisible.html 
  Longer version in Exploit Interactive 5 (2000): 
  http://www.exploit-lib.org/issue5/peer-review/ 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/nature2.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1999a) The Future of Scholarly Skywriting. In: Scammell, A. (Ed.) "i in the Sky: Visions of the information
  future" Aslib, November 1999 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad99.aslib.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1999b) Free at Last: The Future of Peer-Reviewed Journals. D-Lib Magazine 5(12) December 1999
  http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december99/12harnad.html 
  
  Harnad, S. (1999c) Advancing Science By Self-Archiving Refereed Research. Science dEbates [online] 31 July 1999. 
  http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/eletters/285/5425/197#EL12 
  
  Harnad, S. (2000a) E-Knowledge: Freeing the Refereed Journal Corpus Online. Computer Law & Security Report 16(2) 78-87.
  [Rebuttal to Bloom Editorial in Science and Relman Editorial in New England Journal of Medicine] 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.scinejm.htm 
  
  Harnad, S. (2000b) Ingelfinger Over-Ruled: The Role of the Web in the Future of Refereed Medical Journal Publishing. The
  Lancet Perspectives 256 (December Supplement): s16. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.lancet.htm 
  
  Harnad, S., Carr, L. & Brody, T. (2001) How and Why To Free All Refereed Research 
  From Access- and Impact-Barriers Online, Now. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/science.htm 
  
  Harnad, S. (2001) AAAS's Response: Too Little, Too Late. Science dEbates [online] 2 April 2001. 
  http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/eletters/291/5512/2318b 
  Fuller version: 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/science2.htm 
  
  Harnad, S. (2001) The Self-Archiving Initiative. Nature 410: 1024-1025 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/nature4.htm 
  Nature WebDebatesversion: 
  http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/index.html 
  Fuller version: 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/selfarch.htm 
  
  Harnad, S. (2001) The Self-Archiving Alternative. Nature WebDebates 
  http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/index.html 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/nature3.htm 
  
  Harnad, S. (2001) The (Refereed) Literature-Liberation Movement. New Scientist. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/newsci1.htm 
  Fuller version: 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/newscientist.htm 
  
  Harnad, S. (2001) Research Access, Impact and Assessment. Times Higher Education Supplement. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/thes1.html 
  
  Harnad, S. & Carr, L. (2000) Integrating, Navigating and Analyzing Eprint Archives Through Open Citation Linking (the
  OpCit Project). Current Science 79(5): 629-638. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.citation.htm 
  http://www.iisc.ernet.in/~currsci/sep102000/629.pdf 
  
  Harnad, S. & Hemus, M. (1997) All or None: there Are No Stable Hybrid or Half-Way Solutions for Launching the Learned
  Periodical Literature in the PostGutenberg Galaxy In Butterworth, I. (Ed.) The Impact of Electronic Publishing on the
  Academic Community. London: Portland Press. 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad97.hybrid.pub.html 
  
  Harnad, S., Varian, H. & Parks, R. (2000) Academic publishing in the online era: What Will Be For-Fee And What Will Be
  For-Free? Culture Machine 2 (Online Journal) http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Temp/Varian/new1.htm 
  http://culturemachine.tees.ac.uk/frm_f1.htm 
  
  Hayes, P., Harnad, S., Perlis, D. & Block, N. (1992) Virtual Symposium on Virtual Mind. Minds and Machines 2(3) 217-238. 
  http://cogsci.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad92.virtualmind.html 
  
  Hitchcock, S. Carr, L., Jiao, Z., Bergmark, D., Hall, W., Lagoze, C. & Harnad, S. (2000) Developing services for open eprint
  archives: globalisation, integration and the impact of links. Proceedings of the 5th ACM Conference on Digital Libraries. San
  Antonio Texas June 2000. 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.acm.htm 
  
  Light, P., Light, V., Nesbitt, E. & Harnad, S. (2000) Up for Debate: CMC as a support for course related discussion in a
  campus university setting. In R. Joiner (Ed) Rethinking Collaborative Learning. London: Routledge (in press). 
  http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.skyteaching.html 
  
  Odlyzko, A.M. (1998) The economics of electronic journals. In: Ekman R. and Quandt, R. (Eds) Technology and Scholarly
  Communication. Univ. Calif. Press, 1998. 
  http://www.research.att.com/~amo/doc/complete.html 
  
  Odlyzko, A.M. (1999a) Competition and cooperation: Libraries and publishers in the transition to electronic scholarly
  journals, A. M. Odlyzko. Journal of Electronic Publishing 4(4) (June 1999) and in J. Scholarly Publishing 30(4) (July 1999),
  pp. 163-185. The definitive version to appear in The Transition from Paper: A Vision of Scientific Communication in 2020, S.
  Berry and A. Moffat, eds., Springer, 2000. 
  http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/04-04/odlyzko0404.html 
  http://www.research.att.com/~amo/doc/competition.cooperation.pdf 
  
  Odlyzko, A.M. (1999b) The rapid evolution of scholarly communication," to appear in 
  the proceedings of the 1999 PEAK conference. 
  http://www.research.att.com/~amo/doc/rapid.evolution.pdf 
  http://www.si.umich.edu/PEAK-2000/ 
  
  Oppenheim, C. (2001) The legal and regulatory environment for electronic information. Infonortics.
  http://www.infonortics.com/publications/legal4.html 
relation_type: []
relation_uri: []
reportno: ~
rev_number: 8
series: ~
source: ~
status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:39:21
subjects:
  - archives
succeeds: ~
suggestions: ~
sword_depositor: ~
sword_slug: ~
thesistype: ~
title: The (Refereed) Literature-Liberation Movement
type: newsarticle
userid: 63
volume: 170