title: From Robotic Toil to Symbolic Theft: Grounding Transfer from Entry-Level to Higher-Level Categories
creator: Cangelosi, Angelo
creator: Greco, Alberto
creator: Harnad, Stevan
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Neural Nets
description: Neural network models of categorical perception (compression of within-category similarity and dilation of between-category differences) are applied to the symbol-grounding problem (of how to connect symbols with meanings) by connecting analog sensorimotor projections to arbitrary symbolic representations via learned category-invariance detectors in a hybrid symbolic/nonsymbolic system. Our nets are trained to categorize and name 50x50 pixel images (e.g., circles, ellipses, squares and rectangles) projected onto the receptive field of a 7x7 retina. They first learn to do prototype matching and then entry-level naming for the four kinds of stimuli, grounding their names directly in the input patterns via hidden-unit representations ("sensorimotor toil"). We show that a higher-level categorization (e.g., "symmetric" vs. "asymmetric") can learned in two very different ways: either (1) directly from the input, just as with the entry-level categories (i.e., by toil), or (2) indirectly, from boolean combinations of the grounded category names in the form of propositions describing the higher-order category ("symbolic theft"). We analyze the architectures and input conditions that allow grounding (in the form of compression/separation in internal similarity space) to be "transferred" in this second way from directly grounded entry-level category names to higher-order category names. Such hybrid models have implications for the evolution and learning of language.
date: 2000
type: Journal (Paginated)
type: PeerReviewed
format: application/postscript
identifier: http://cogprints.org/1647/2/cangelosi-connsci2.ps
identifier:   Cangelosi, Angelo and Greco, Alberto and Harnad, Stevan  (2000) From Robotic Toil to Symbolic Theft: Grounding Transfer from Entry-Level to Higher-Level Categories.  [Journal (Paginated)]     
relation: http://cogprints.org/1647/