?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=The+Dilemma+of+Saussurean+Communication&rft.creator=Oliphant%2C+Michael&rft.subject=Animal+Behavior&rft.subject=Animal+Cognition&rft.subject=Ethology&rft.subject=Evolution&rft.subject=Evolution&rft.subject=Language&rft.subject=Dynamical+Systems&rft.subject=Computational+Linguistics&rft.subject=Learnability&rft.subject=Semantics&rft.description=A+Saussurean+communication+system+exists+when+an+entire+communicating+population+uses+a+single+%22language%22+that+maps+states+unambiguously+onto+symbols+and+then+back+into+the+original+states.+This+paper+describes+a+number+of+simulations+performed+with+a+genetic+algorithm+to+investigate+the+conditions+necessary+for+such+communication+systems+to+evolve.+The+first+simulation+shows+that+Saussurean+communication+evolves+in+the+simple+case+where+direct+selective+pressure+is+placed+on+individuals+to+be+both+good+transmitters+and+good+receivers.+The+second+simulation+demonstrates+that%2C+in+the+more+realistic+case+where+selective+pressure+is+only+placed+on+doing+well+as+a+receiver%2C+Saussurean+communication+fails+to+evolve.+Two+methods%2C+inspired+by+research+on+the+Prisoner's+Dilemma%2C+are+used+to+attempt+to+solve+this+problem.+The+third+simulation+shows+that%2C+even+in+the+absence+of+selective+pressure+on+transmission%2C+Saussurean+communication+can+evolve+if+individuals+interact+multiple+times+with+the+same+communication+partner+and+are+given+the+ability+to+respond+differentially+based+on+past+interaction.+In+the+fourth+simulation%2C+spatially+organized+populations+are+used%2C+and+it+is+shown+that+this+allows+Saussurean+communication+to+evolve+through+kin+selection.&rft.date=1996&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpostscript&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F169%2F2%2Fsauss.ps&rft.identifier=++Oliphant%2C+Michael++(1996)+The+Dilemma+of+Saussurean+Communication.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F169%2F