?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Neuropsychological+indicators+of+heteromodal+cortex+(dys)function+relevant+to+conditioned+blocking+measures+of+attention+in+schizophrenia&rft.creator=Oades%2C+R.D.&rft.creator=Bender%2C+&rft.creator=M%C3%BCller%2C+&rft.creator=Sartory%2C+&rft.subject=Neuropsychology&rft.subject=Neuropsychiatry&rft.subject=Psychobiology&rft.description=Background.%0ALearning+a+predictive+relationship+between+two+events+can+block+learning+about+an+added+event+(conditioned+blocking%2C+CB).+Patients+with+nonparanoid+schizophrenia+can+show+reduced+CB+and+learn+about+the+similar+consequences+of+the+added+event.+What+parts+of+the+brain+are+involved+in+the+functions+required+in+learning+the+CB+task+and+actually+showing+'blocking'+-+a+part+of+normal+selective+attention+processes%3F+As+a+first+approximation%2C+we+ask+if+neuropsychological+test+performance+sensitive+to+specific+cortical+regions+is+associated+with+these+two+functions.+%0A%0AMethods.+%0AThis+study+reports+on+the+relationship+of+associative+learning+and+CB+measures+of+attention+obtained+with+a+visuospatial+maze-like+task+to+signs+of+heteromodal+cortex+function+provided+by+performance+on+a+battery+of+10+neuropsychological+tasks.+These+tasks+were+sensitive+to+frontal%2C+parietal+and+temporal+lobe+function+of+the+left+and+right+hemisphere.+Acquisition+criteria+for+the+task+were+achieved+by+62+patients+with+schizophrenia+and+62+matched+controls+but+not+by+39+other+people+with+schizophrenia.+%0A%0AResults.+%0AFirst+right-hemisphere%2C+visuo-spatial+abilities+were+generally+associated+with+faster+task-learning+(e.g.+visual+reproduction%2C+immediate+and+delayed%2C+picture-completion)%2C+and+patients+that+could+not+learn+the+task+were+poorer+on+tests+emphasising+set-switching+and+problem-solving+abilities+associated+with+left+frontal+lobe+function+(e.g.+trail-making%2C+block-design).+%0ASecond+CB+expression+depended+on+Stroop-+and+Mooney-faces-task+performance+that+are+reported+to+require+cingulate+and+parietal+lobe+function.+%0A%0A%0AConclusions.+%0AAs+would+be+predicted+right+hemisphere+function+was+implicated+in+performing+a+visuospatial+learning+task.+The+additional+CB+requirement+incurred+additional+anterior+cingulate+and+right+parietal+involvement.+Functionally+this+probably+reflected+effortful+attentional+processes%2C+and+illustrates+the+problems+of+patients+with+schizophrenia+in+switching+between+automatic+and+controlled+processing+strategies.+The+results+are+astonishingly+consistent+with+imaging+studies+implicating+brain+regions+such+as+the+cingulate+and+intra-parietal+sulcus+in+attention+(Mesulam%2C+1999).%0A&rft.publisher=Psychology+Press+Ltd&rft.date=2001&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F2015%2F2%2Fschiz-Cog-Npsychiat-2001-art.pdf&rft.identifier=++Oades%2C+R.D.+and+Bender%2C++and+M%C3%BCller%2C++and+Sartory%2C+++(2001)+Neuropsychological+indicators+of+heteromodal+cortex+(dys)function+relevant+to+conditioned+blocking+measures+of+attention+in+schizophrenia.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F2015%2F