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--- abstract: |- Undoubtedly, the detection of peripheral objects and pedestrians while driving is an important visual task. However, there are few data that describe the impact of parameters such as headlamp illumination, peripheral angle and target reflectance upon the speed and accuracy with which one can detect peripheral targets. The present paper outlines a framework for the development of a model that predicts reaction times and detection percentages to small targets of varying reflectance, and located at various positions in the field of view. The preliminary model closely matches data from independently-performed field studies using halogen and high intensity discharge headlamp sets having illumination characteristics that conform to North American and European requirements for headlamp beam patterns. The modeling approach discussed in the paper allows characteristics such as the effective field of view to be described. Further, the approach could be extended to incorporate driver age, target size, visual clutter, spectral power distribution, glare and ambient roadway illumination into the model predictions. Such a model could serve as a useful complement to existing models of on-axis (foveal) visual performance in driving contexts altloc: - http://arrow.win.ecn.uiowa.edu/symposium/DraftPapers/VIS2002-38.pdf chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: 'June 2-4, 2002' conference: Transportation Research Board 16th Biennial Symposium on Visibility and Simulation confloc: 'Iowa City, IA' contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Bullough given: John D. honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 2002 date_type: published datestamp: 2002-10-22 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/25/48 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: [] eprint_status: archive eprintid: 2548 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/2548/1/VIS2002%2D38.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: 'headlamp illumination, peripheral vision, reaction times' lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:55:05 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: ~ pubdom: FALSE publication: ~ publisher: University of Iowa/CD-ROM/Website refereed: TRUE referencetext: |- 1. Van Derlofske J., J. D. Bullough, and C. M. Hunter. Evaluation of High-Intensity Discharge Automotive Forward Lighting. In Lighting Technology Developments for Automobiles, SAE, Warrendale, Pa., 2001, pp. 1-7. 2. Van Derlofske J., J. D. Bullough, and C. M. Hunter. Visual Benefits of High-Intensity Discharge Automotive Forward Lighting. In Advanced Lighting Technology for Vehicles, SAE, Warrendale, Pa., 2002, pp. 51-56. 3. He, Y., M. S. Rea, A. Bierman, and J. Bullough. Evaluating Light Source Efficacy Under Mesopic Conditions Using Reaction Times. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1997, pp. 125-138. 4. Vaughan, P. G., L. D. Costa, and L. Gilden. The Functional Relation of Visual Evoked Response and Reaction Time to Stimulus Intensity. Vision Research, Vol. 6, 1966, pp. 645-656. 5. Bullough, J. D., P. R. Boyce, A. Bierman, K. M. Conway, K. Huang, C. P. O'Rourke, C. M. Hunter, and A. Nakata. Response to Simulated Traffic Signals Using Light-Emitting Diode and Incandescent Sources. In Transportation Research Record 1724, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2000, pp. 39-46. 6. Boyce, P. R. Visual Inspection. In Human Factors in Lighting, Macmillan, New York, N.Y., 1981, pp. 147-169. 7. Lingard, R., and M. S. Rea. Off-Axis Detection at Mesopic Light Levels in a Driving Context. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Vol. 31, No. 1, 2002, pp. 33-39. 8. Smith, J. A., and F. L. Dimmick. The Parameters of Scotopic Sensitivity: 1. The Effect of Size. Medical Research Laboratory Report Number 174, Vol. 10, 1951, pp. 56-75. 9. Wolf, E. Studies on the Shrinkage of the Visual Field with Age. In Highway Research Record 164, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1967, pp. 1-7 relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 12 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:45:45 subjects: - psy-phys succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: Modeling peripheral visibility under headlamp illumination type: confpaper userid: 3475 volume: ~