--- abstract: |- This paper looks at the three main information processing models from the point of view of researchers in confidential human factors databases. It explores conceptual problems with two of these information processing models, and goes on to explore possible advantages of adopting a ‘connectionist’ paradigm. Links between connectionism and ‘situated cognition’ are demonstrated. Practical work carried out using a connectionist/situated cognition model is described, and the way in which the ‘situatedness’ of discourse can influence the kind of data that can be collected is discussed. Finally it is argued that more emphasis should be placed in ergonomics on sociation, situatedness and embodiment, and that this might help to deal with problems faced in creation and interrogating databases: especially as regards the creation of coherent and reliable ‘coding taxonomies’. altloc: - http://www.strath.ac.uk/Departments/Psychology/CASP3/InfProErg.pdf chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: ~ conference: ~ confloc: ~ contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Wallace given: Brendan honourific: Dr lineage: '' - family: Ross given: Alastair honourific: Dr lineage: '' - family: Davies given: John honourific: Professor lineage: '' date: 2003 date_type: published datestamp: 2003-08-08 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/30/93 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: - family: McCabe given: Paul honourific: '' lineage: '' eprint_status: archive eprintid: 3093 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/3093/1/InfProErg.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: 'Information Processing, taxonomies, cognitivism, connectionism, ergonomics, safety, CIRAS' lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:55:19 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: 543-549 pubdom: FALSE publication: Contemporary Ergonomics 2003 publisher: Taylor and Francis refereed: TRUE referencetext: |- Atkinson, R.C., and Shiffrin, R.M. 1971, The Control of Short Term Memory Scientific American, 225, 2, 82-92 Baddeley, A. 1986, Working Memory, (Oxford University Press, Oxford) Barba, G. 1999. Memory, consciousness and temporality: what is retrieved and who exactly is controlling the retrieval? In E. Tulving (ed.) Memory, Consciousness and the Brain. (Psychology Press, London). Bechtel, W., and Abrahamsen, A. 2002, Connectionism and the Mind (Blackwell, Oxford) Bekerian, D.A., and Baddeley, A.D. 1980. Saturation advertising and the repetition effect. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 19, 17-25. Borges J.L. 1964, Other Inquisitions (University of Texas Press, Austin) Clancey, W., 1997. Situated Cognition, (CUP, Cambridge) Craik, F.I.M. & Lockhart, R.S. (1972) Levels of processing: A framework for memory research, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671- 684 Cummings, T.G., & Worley, C.G. (1997) Organization development and change, (South Western, Chicago) Davies, J. B. 1992, The Myth of Addiction, (Harwood Academic Publishers, London) Davies, J.B. 1997, Drugspeak (Martin Dunitz, London). Davies, J.B., Ross, A., Wallace, B., Wright, L. in press. Safety Management: A Qualitative Safety Approach (Taylor and Francis, London) Dreyfus, H. 1992 What Computers Still Can’t Do, (MIT Press, NY) Glenberg, A.M. 1997. What memory is for, Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, 1, 1- 55. Online http://www.bbsonline.org/documents/a/00/00/05/54/bbs00000554- 00/bbs.glenberg.html Hayes, N. 2000, Foundations of Psychology, (Thomson, London) Hollnagel, E. Cognition as control: A pragmatic approach to the modelling of joint cognitive systems. IEEE Journal of Systems, Man and Cybernetics (in press). Online: http://www.ida.liu.se/~eriho/Publications_O.htm Lakoff, G. 1990, Women, Fire and Dangerous Things, (UCP, Chicago) Lakoff, G., and Johnson, M. 1999, Philosophy in the Flesh. (Basic Books, New York) Loftus, G.R. and Loftus, E.F. 1975, Human Memory: The Processing of Information. (Halsted Press New York) Morris, P.E. 1982, Research on Memory in Everyday Life. In P. Sanders, N. Hayes, R. Brody, and L. Jones (eds) A Handbook for GCSE Psychology Students (ATP Publications, Leicester) Reisberg, D., Rappaport, I. & O’Shaugnessy, M. 1984, Limits of working memory: the digit digit-span. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 203-221 Shallice T. and Warrington, E.K. 1970, Independent functioning of verbal memory stores: a neurophysiological study. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 22, 261, 273 Sougné, J.P. (Submitted). Short Term Memory in a Network of Spiking Neurons. Neural Computation and Psychology Worshop NCPW7 Brighton, Online http://www.ulg.ac.be/cogsci/jsougne/ncpw7.pdf Wallace, B., Ross, A., Davies, J.B., Wright, L. 2002, Information, Arousal and Control in the UK Railway Industry. In A. Thatcher, J. Fisher, K. Miller (eds) Proceedings of CybErg 2002: The Third International Cyberspace Conference on Ergonomics. (IAE Press, Johannesburg) Wilcox S., and Katz S.(1981) A direct realist alternative to the traditional conception of memory. Behaviorism 9: 227-239 Wright, L., Ross, A., Davies, J.B. 2001, SPAD Risk Factors: Results of a Focus Group Study. (Railway Safety, London). Available on ‘Human Factors Research Catalogue CDROM, July 2001’ Zadny, J., and Gerard, H.B. 1974. Attributed Intentions and Informational Selectivity, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10, 34-52 relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 12 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:48:24 subjects: - cog-psy succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: 'Information Processing Models: Benefits and Limitations' type: bookchapter userid: 4216 volume: ~