?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Measuring+praise+and+criticism%3A+Inference+of+semantic+orientation+from+association&rft.creator=Turney%2C+Peter&rft.creator=Littman%2C+Michael&rft.subject=Statistical+Models&rft.subject=Language&rft.subject=Computational+Linguistics&rft.subject=Semantics&rft.subject=Machine+Learning&rft.description=The+evaluative+character+of+a+word+is+called+its+semantic+orientation.+Positive+semantic+orientation+indicates+praise+(e.g.%2C+%22honest%22%2C+%22intrepid%22)+and+negative+semantic+orientation+indicates+criticism+(e.g.%2C+%22disturbing%22%2C+%22superfluous%22).+Semantic+orientation+varies+in+both+direction+(positive+or+negative)+and+degree+(mild+to+strong).+An+automated+system+for+measuring+semantic+orientation+would+have+application+in+text+classification%2C+text+filtering%2C+tracking+opinions+in+online+discussions%2C+analysis+of+survey+responses%2C+and+automated+chat+systems+(chatbots).+This+paper+introduces+a+method+for+inferring+the+semantic+orientation+of+a+word+from+its+statistical+association+with+a+set+of+positive+and+negative+paradigm+words.+Two+instances+of+this+approach+are+evaluated%2C+based+on+two+different+statistical+measures+of+word+association%3A+pointwise+mutual+information+(PMI)+and+latent+semantic+analysis+(LSA).+The+method+is+experimentally+tested+with+3%2C596+words+(including+adjectives%2C+adverbs%2C+nouns%2C+and+verbs)+that+have+been+manually+labeled+positive+(1%2C614+words)+and+negative+(1%2C982+words).+The+method+attains+an+accuracy+of+82.8%25+on+the+full+test+set%2C+but+the+accuracy+rises+above+95%25+when+the+algorithm+is+allowed+to+abstain+from+classifying+mild+words.+&rft.date=2003&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F3164%2F1%2Fturney-littman-acm.pdf&rft.identifier=++Turney%2C+Peter+and+Littman%2C+Michael++(2003)+Measuring+praise+and+criticism%3A+Inference+of+semantic+orientation+from+association.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F3164%2F