creators_name: Narayanaswamy, Suresh editors_name: Singh, Balbir editors_name: Lokhandwala, Yash editors_name: Francis, Johnson editors_name: Gupta, Anup type: journalp datestamp: 2005-05-02 lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:02 metadata_visibility: show title: High Resolution Electrocardiography ispublished: pub subjects: ipej full_text_status: public keywords: High Resolution Electrocardiography abstract: Over the past decade, significant advances were made in the research, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Such progress was in every sphere of cardiology that includes non-invasive, minimally invasive, and invasive technologies. Interpretive electrocardiography, cardiac pacemakers, cardiac stents, and angioplasty are some areas where the progress has been significant. Non-invasive methods of diagnosis of cardiac disorders involve digital recording of cardiac signals at the body surface (chest) and subsequent computerized analysis. Such methods and instruments provide a vital first step to the diagnosis of the heart without involving surgical procedures. One such non-invasive field is High Resolution Electrocardiography (HRECG). A high-resolution electrocardiogram detects very low amplitude signals in the ventricles called 'Late Potentials' in patients with abnormal heart conditions. A standard electrocardiogram cannot detect these signals. The presence of late potentials is widely accepted to have prognostic significance in patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)1,2,3. High Resolution Electrocardiography enhances the diagnostic capabilities of ECGs. This article describes the principles involved in HRECG and the techniques that are employed to derive such superior diagnostic capabilities. The use of these techniques may lead to more discoveries in the causes of cardiac disorders and improved drug discoveries to combat such conditions. date: 2002-04 date_type: published publication: Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal volume: 2 number: 2 publisher: Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Group pagerange: 50-56 refereed: TRUE referencetext: 1. Breithardt G, Schwarzmaier J, Borggrefe M, Haerten K, Seipel L. Prognostic significance of ventricular late potentials after acute myocardial infarction. European Heart J 4:487, 1983 2. Dennis AR, Cody DV, Russell PA, Young AA, Ross DL, Uther JB. Prognostic significance of inducible ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction. J American College of Cardiology 3:610, 1984 3. Breithardt G, Borggrefe M, Haerten K. Role of programmed ventricular stimulation and noninvasive recording of ventricular late potentials for the identification of patients at risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction. In Zipes DP, Jalife J (eds): Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias. Pp 553-61 1985. 4. Berbari EJ, Scherlag BJ, Hope R, Lazzara R. Recordings from the Body Surface of Arrhythmogenic Ventricular Activity during the ST segment. American Journal of Cardiology, 41:697, 1978 5. Narayanaswamy S. Analysis of Cardiac Late Potentials, T-Waves, and Beat Intervals to Identify the Mechanisms of Premature Ventricular Beats. Master's Thesis - University of Oklahoma, pp 28-30, 1993 6. SAECG Lead Placement Chart. Rajal Biotechnologies. 7. Oppenheim AV, Shafer RW. Discrete-time Signal Processing. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp 411-425, 1989 8. Simson MB. Use of Signals in the Terminal QRS complex to identify Patients with Ventricular Tachycardia after Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 61:235, 1981 9. Breithardt G, Cain ME, Flowers NC, Simson MB. Standards for Analysis of Ventricular Late Potentials using High-Resolution or Signal-Averaged Electrocardiography: A statement by a task force committee of the European Society of Cardiology, the American Heart Association, and the American College of Cardiology. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 17: 999-1006, 1991 citation: Narayanaswamy, Suresh (2002) High Resolution Electrocardiography. [Journal (Paginated)] document_url: http://cogprints.org/4314/1/hrecg.htm