%A Antonio Franco Folino
%A Luciano Daliento
%J Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal
%T Arrhythmias After Tetralogy of Fallot Repair

%X Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease, with a good outcome after total surgical correction. In spite of a low perioperative mortality and a  good quality of life, late sudden death remains a significant clinical problem, mainly related to episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Fibro-fatty substitution around infundibular resection, intraventricular septal scar, and patchy myocardial fibrosis, may provide anatomical substrates of abnormal depolarization and repolarization causing reentrant ventricular arrhythmias. 
            Several non-invasive indices based on classical examination such as ECG, signal-averaging ECG, and echocardiography have been proposed to identify patients at high risk of sudden death, with hopeful results. In the last years other more sophisticated invasive and non-invasive tools, such as heart rate variability, electroanatomic mapping and cardiac magnetic resonance added a relevant contribution to risk stratification. 
            Even if each method per se is affected by some limitations, a comprehensive multifactorial clinical and investigative examination can provide an accurate risk evaluation for every patient
%N 4
%K Tetralogy of Fallot, surgery;  ventricular arrhythmias; risk stratification
%P 312-324
%E Balbir Singh
%E Yash Lokhandwala
%E Johnson Francis
%E Anup Gupta
%V 5
%D 2005
%I Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Group
%L cogprints4598

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