<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . "The human fear-circuitry and fear-induced \nfainting in healthy individuals \nThe paleolithic-threat hypothesis "^^ . "The Paleolithic-Threat \nhypothesis reviewed here posits \nthat habitual efferent fainting can \nbe traced back to fear-induced \nallelic polymorphisms that were \nselected into some genomes of \nanatomically, mitochondrially, and \nneurally modern humans (Homo \nsapiens sapiens) in the Mid-Paleolithic because of the survival \nadvantage they conferred during \nperiods of inescapable threat. We \nposit that during Mid-Paleolithic \nwarfare an encounter with “a \nstranger holding a sharp object” \nwas consistently associated with \nthreat to life. A heritable hard-\nwired or firm-wired (prepotentiated) predisposition to abruptly \nincrease vagal tone and collapse \nflaccidly rather than freeze or \nattempt to flee or fight in response \nto an approaching sharp object, a \nminor injury, or the sight of blood, \npolymorphism for the hemodynamically “paradoxical” flaccid-\nimmobility in response to these \nstimuli may have increased some \nnon-combatants’ chances of survival. This is consistent with the \nunusual age and sex pattern of \nfear-induced fainting. The Paleolithic-Threat hypothesis also predicts a link to various hypo-androgenic states (e.g. low dehydroxyepiandrosterone-sulfate. We offer \nfive predictions testable via epidemiological, clinical, and ethological/primatological methods. The \nPaleolithic-Threat hypothesis has \nimplications for research in the \naftermath of man-made disasters, \nsuch as terrorism against civilians, \na traumatic event in which this \nhypothesis predicts epidemics of \nfear-induced fainting"^^ . "2005" . . "15" . . "Clinical Autonomic Research"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Stefan"^^ . "Bracha"^^ . "Stefan Bracha"^^ . . "Jennifer M."^^ . "Matsukawa"^^ . "Jennifer M. Matsukawa"^^ . . "Tyler C."^^ . "Ralston"^^ . "Tyler C. Ralston"^^ . . "Andrew E."^^ . "Williams"^^ . "Andrew E. Williams"^^ . . "Adam S."^^ . "Bracha"^^ . "Adam S. Bracha"^^ . . . . . . "The human fear-circuitry and fear-induced \nfainting in healthy individuals \nThe paleolithic-threat hypothesis (PDF)"^^ . . . . . . . . . "2005_C.A.R_review_FEAR-CIRCUITRY-DRIVEN_FAINTS.pdf"^^ . . . "The human fear-circuitry and fear-induced \nfainting in healthy individuals \nThe paleolithic-threat hypothesis (Image (PNG))"^^ . . . . . . "preview.png"^^ . . . "The human fear-circuitry and fear-induced \nfainting in healthy individuals \nThe paleolithic-threat hypothesis (Indexer Terms)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #5035 \n\nThe human fear-circuitry and fear-induced \nfainting in healthy individuals \nThe paleolithic-threat hypothesis \n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Evolution" . . . "Psychophysiology" . .