--- abstract: |- Sequential organization is central to much of human intelligent behavior ranging from everyday skills such as lacing shoes to using a computer. It is well known that such sequential skills involve chaining a number of primitive actions together. A robust representation of skills can be formed by chunking together several elements of a sequence. We demonstrate, using a 2x6 finger movement task, that during the process of acquiring visuomotor skills the chunking patterns remained unaltered when utilizing an effector dependent representation of the sequence. In the 2x6 task, subjects learned a sequence of 12 visual cues displayed as six sets of two elements each and performed finger movements on a keypad. Two experiments Normal-Motor and Normal-Visual were conducted on nine subjects and two observations were collected from each subject. Each experiment consisted of a Normal and a Rotated condition. In the Rotated (Motor and Visual) conditions, subjects were required to rotate the visual cues by 180 degrees and press the corresponding keys. The display sequence was also rotated for the Motor condition, requiring an identical set of effector movements to be performed as in the Normal condition. Chunking patterns were identified using the response times (RTs) for individual sets of the sequence. A pause between set RTs demarcates an ensuing chunk. We demonstrate that usage of an effector dependent representation is supported by the observation of identical chunking patterns between the Normal and Motor conditions, and the lack of similarity in chunking patterns between the Normal and Visual conditions. altloc: - http://www.cogsci.rpi.edu/CSJarchive/Proceedings/2006/docs/p1835.pdf chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: 'July 26 - 29, 2006' conference: The 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society confloc: 'Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada' contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Miyapuram given: Krishna honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Bapi given: Raju honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Doya given: Kenji honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 2006 date_type: published datestamp: 2006-08-18 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/50/72 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: [] eprint_status: archive eprintid: 5072 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/5072/1/Miyapuram_p1835.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: ~ lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:34 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: "Copyright © 2006 by the Cognitive Science Society, Inc.\n" number: ~ pagerange: 1835-1837 pubdom: FALSE publication: ~ publisher: ~ refereed: TRUE referencetext: |- Bapi, R. S., Doya, K., & Harner, A. M. (2000). Evidence for effector dependent and independent representations and their differential time course of acquisition during motor sequence learning. Experimental Brain Research, 132, 149-162. Bapi, R. S., Pammi, V. S. C., Miyapuram, K. P., & Ahmed. (2005). Investigation of sequence learning: A cognitive and computational neuroscience perspective. Current Science. Fitts, P. M. (1964). Perceptual motor skill learning. In A. W. Melton (Ed.), Categories of human learning (p. 243-285). New York: Academic press. Hikosaka, O., Rand, M. K., Miyachi, S., & Miyashita, K. (1995). Learning of sequential movements in the monkey: Process of learning and retention of memory. Journal of Neurophysiology, 74, 1652-1661. Lashley, K. S. (1951). The problem of serial order in behavior. In L. A. Jeffress (Ed.), Cerebral mechanisms in behavior. New York: Wiley. Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63, 81-97. Pammi, V. S. C., Miyapuram, K. P., Bapi, R. S., & Doya, K. (2004). Chunking phenomenon in complex sequential skill learning in humans. In N. R. Pal, N. Kasabov, R. K. Mudi, S. Pal, & S. K. Parui (Eds.), Neural information processing (Vol. 3316, pp. 294–299). Springer-Verlag Heidelberg LNCS. Sakai, K., Kitaguchi, K., & Hikosaka, O. (2003). Chunking during human visuomotor sequence learning. Experimental Brain Research, 152, 229-242. relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 12 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 17:06:49 subjects: - cog-psy - bio-ani-behav succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: Chunking Patterns Reflect Effector-dependent Representation of Motor Sequence type: confposter userid: 6034 volume: ISBN 0