@misc{cogprints5322,
          volume = {5},
          number = {3},
           month = {December},
          author = {Enabulele I O and Yah S C and Yusuf E O and Eghafona N O},
          editor = {Dr. Srinivas Kakkilaya Bevinje},
           title = {Emerging quinolones resistant transfer genes among gram-negative bacteria, isolated from faeces of HIV/AIDS patients attending some Clinics and Hospitals in the City of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria},
       publisher = {Dr. B.S. Kakkilaya},
            year = {2006},
         journal = {Online Journal Of Health And Allied Sciences},
        keywords = {Resistance Gene Transfer, HIV/AIDS, Gram-negative bacilli},
             url = {http://cogprints.org/5322/},
        abstract = {A survey of 1431 gram-negative bacilli from June 2001 to September 2005 were obtained from the faeces of 920 HIV/AIDS patients attending some Clinics and Hospitals in Benin City, Nigeria, were screened for quinolones resistance gene. The HIV/AIDS patients CD4 cells range was {$\leq$}14/mm3 ?800/mm3 of blood. Out of the 1431 isolates, 343 (23.9\%) were resistance to quinolones with a MIC ?4{\ensuremath{\mu}}g/ml for norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin while a MIC of ?32 ?g/ml for nalidixic acid. The screened isolates include Pseudomonas aeruginosa 64(18.7\%), E coli 92(26.8\%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 53(15.4\%), Salmonella typhi 39(11.4\%), Shigella dysenteriae 36(10.5\%), Proteus mirabilis 34(9.9\%) and Serratia marcescens 25(7.3\%).  The average resistance of the isolates to the various quinolones ranged from 42.7\% to 66.7\%.  Klebsiella were the most resistant isolates with a mean resistance of 66.7\% while Proteus were the less resistant isolates with a mean resistance of 42.7\%. Most isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid followed by norfloxacin while the less resistant were to the pefloxacin. The frequency of qnr genes transfer to EJRifr as recipient ranged from 2 x 10-2 to 6 x 10-6 with an average of 2 plasmids per cell. The molecular weight of the plasmids ranged from {\ensuremath{<}}2.9kbp to {\ensuremath{<}}5.5 kbp. This indicated that plasmids allowed the movement of genetic materials including qnr resistant genes between bacteria species and genera in Benin City, Nigeria}
}

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