?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Association-Interpretation%3A+A+research+technique+in+cultural+and+cognitive+linguistics%0A&rft.creator=Sharifian%2C+Dr+Farzad&rft.subject=Semantics&rft.description=There+has+been+growing+interest+in+the+study+of+the+human+conceptual+system+across+several+disciplines+and+sub-disciplines+in+the+last+two+decades.+Cognitive+scientists+have+been+involved+in+modeling+the+architecture+of+the+human+conceptual+system.+For+instance%2C+a+fairly+recent+paradigm+in+cognitive+science+called+%22connectionism%22+models+the+human+conceptual+system+as+a+network+composed+of+a+large+number+of+units+joined+together+in+a+pattern+of+connections+(Rumelhart++%26+McClelland%2C+1986).++Cognitive+linguists%2C+on+the+other+hand%2C+have+been+investigating+the+contents+of+the+human+conceptual+system+and+how+they+are+reflected+in+language+(Lakoff%2C+1987%3B+Lakoff+%26+Johnson%2C+1980%3B+Langacker%2C+1987%2C+1991%2C+2000).+%0ACultural+linguists+(Palmer%2C+1996)+and+cognitive+anthropologists+(Strauss+%26+Quinn%2C+1997%3B+D'Andrade%2C+1995)+have+recognized+that+knowledge+embodied+in+conceptual+systems+and+reflected+in+language+is+in+fact+deeply+ensconced+in+culture+and+thus+maintain+that+a+thorough+account+of+language+should+not+only+unravel+cognitive-conceptual+structures+but+should+also+provide+insights+into+cultural+knowledge+and+its+influence+on+the+more+general+patterns+of+conceptualization.+%0AThe+human+conceptual+system+is+made+up+of+concepts+that+are+associated+with+each+other+in+various+ways.+Terms+such+as+%22category%22+and+%22schema%22+have+in+fact+been+used+to+capture+two+general+types+of+associative+relationships.+Categories+reveal+a+hierarchical+structure+of+superordinate%2C+basic%2C+and+subordinate+levels%2C+whereas+schemas+mainly+reveal+thematic%2C+event-based%2C+or+sequential+relationships.+'Food'+and+'restaurant'+are+associated+with+each+other+schematically%2C+while+'food'+is+associated+with+'pasta'+categorically.+%0A'Category'+and+'schema'+have+been+two+pivotal+notions+in+studies+of+culture+and+conceptualization.+Scholars+in+this+area+have+been+closely+examining+how+different+cultures+develop+and+organize+their+categories+and+schemas+(e.g.%2C+Rosch%2C+1975%3B+Lakoff%2C+1987%3B+Palmer%2C+1996).+The+notions+of+cultural+schema+and+cultural+category+have+in+fact+evolved+from+such+endeavors.+This+paper+elaborates+on+these+two+notions.+%0A&rft.date=2001&rft.type=Conference+Paper&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F5543%2F1%2FSharifian.pdf&rft.identifier=++Sharifian%2C+Dr+Farzad++(2001)+Association-Interpretation%3A+A+research+technique+in+cultural+and+cognitive+linguistics.++%5BConference+Paper%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F5543%2F<script src='//archive-bar.soton.ac.uk/archive-bar.js'></script>