creators_name: Voiklis, John creators_name: Kapur, Manu creators_name: Kinzer, Charles creators_name: Black, John creators_id: jv37@columbia.edu creators_id: manu_kapur@hotmail.com creators_id: kinzer@tc.columbia.edu creators_id: black@tc.columbia.edu editors_name: Sun, Ron editors_name: Miyake, Naomi type: confpaper datestamp: 2008-12-04 17:29:35 lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:57:16 metadata_visibility: show title: An Emergentist Account of Collective Cognition in Collaborative Problem Solving ispublished: pub subjects: soc-psy subjects: cog-psy subjects: behav-anal full_text_status: public keywords: emergence problem-solving collective-cognition coordination abstract: As a first step toward an emergentist theory of collective cognition in collaborative problem solving, we present a proto-theoretical account of how one might conceive and model the intersubjective processes that organize collective cognition into one or another--convergent, divergent, or tensive--cognitive regime. To explore the sufficiency of our emergentist proposal we instantiate a minimalist model of intersubjective convergence and simulate the tuning of collective cognition using data from an empirical study of small-group, collaborative problem solving. Using the results of this empirical simulation, we test a number of preliminary hypotheses with regard to patterns of interaction, how those patterns affect a cognitive regime, and how that cognitive regime affects the efficacy of a problem-solving group. date: 2006-07 date_type: published publisher: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates pagerange: 858-863 refereed: TRUE referencetext: Arrow, H., McGrath, J. E., & Berdahl, J. L. (2000). Small groups as complex systems: Formation, coordination, development, and adaptation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Axelrod, R. (1984). The evolution of cooperation. New York: Basic Books. Bakeman, R., & Gottman, J.M. (1986). Observing interaction: An introduction to sequential analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Barr, D. J. (2004). Establishing conventional communication systems: Is common knowledge necessary? Cognitive Science, 28: 937-962. Bedau, M. A. (2003). Downward causation and autonomy in weak emergence. Principia 6: 5-50. Bornstein, G. & Yaniv, I (1998). Individual and group behavior in the ultimatum game: Are groups more "rational" players? Experimental Economics, 1: 101-108. Clark, H. H. & Brennan, S. E. (1991). Grounding in communication. In L. B. Resnick, J. M. Levine, & S. D. Teasley (Eds.). Perspectives on socially shared cognition (pp. 127-149). Washington, DC: APA Books. Hutchins, E. (1995). Cognition in the wild. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Isenberg, D. (1986). Group polarization: A critical review and meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50: 1141-1151. Janis, I.L. (1982). Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Katz, E., & Lazarsfeld, P. (1955). Personal Influence. New York: The Free Press. Kauffman, S. (1993). The Origins of Order: Self- Organization and Selection in Evolution. New York: Oxford University Press. Kennedy, J. (1998). Thinking is social. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 42: 56-76. Lewis, D. K. (1969). Convention. Cambridge, MA: Harvard. Newell, A., & Simon, H. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Nowak, A. (2004). Dynamical Minimalism: Why Less is More in Psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8 (2): 183-192. Nowak, A., Szamrej, J. & Latané, B. (1990). From private attitude to public opinion: A dynamic theory of social impact. Psychological Review, 97: 362-376. Roschelle, J. (1996). Learning by collaborating: Convergent conceptual change. In T. Koschmann (Ed.), CSCL: Theory and Practice of an Emerging Paradigm (pp. 209- 248). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Ross, S. M. (1996). Stochastic processes. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Schwartz, D.L. (1995). The emergence of abstract dyad representations in dyad problem solving. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 4 (3): 321-354. Tomasello, M. ,Carpenter, M., Call, J., Behne, T., & Moll, H. (2005). Understanding and sharing intentions: The origins of cultural cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28: 675–735. Vallacher, R. R. & Nowak, A. (in press). Dynamical social psychology: Toward coherence in human experience and scientific theory. In A. W. Kruglanski & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles. New York: Guilford Publications. citation: Voiklis, John and Kapur, Manu and Kinzer, Charles and Black, John (2006) An Emergentist Account of Collective Cognition in Collaborative Problem Solving. [Conference Paper] document_url: http://cogprints.org/6287/1/VoiklisEtAl_Emergentist.pdf