?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Ulcers+and+bacteria+II%3A+Instruments%2C+experiments%2C+and+social+interactions&rft.creator=Thagard%2C+P.&rft.subject=Cognitive+Psychology&rft.subject=Artificial+Intelligence&rft.subject=Philosophy+of+Science&rft.description=My+description+of+the+cognitive+processes+involved+in+the+discovery%2C+development%2C+and+acceptance+of+the+bacterial+theory+of+ulcers+might+have+left+the+impression+that+science+is+all+in+the+mind+(Thagard%2C+forthcoming-b).+But+only+part+of+the+story+of+the+bacterial+theory+of+ulcers+is+psychological.+This+paper+discusses+the+important+role+of+physical+interaction+with+the+world+by+means+of+instruments+and+experiments%2C+and+the+equally+important+role+of+social+interactions+among+the+medical+researchers+who+developed+the+theory.+The+main+questions+I+want+to+answer+are+the+following%3A+1.+What+instruments+contributed+to+the+development+and+acceptance+of+the+new+theory%3F+2.+What+kinds+of+experiments+contributed+to+the+development+and+acceptance+of+the+new+theory%3F+3.+How+did+theorizing+and+experimentation+interact+in+the+development+of+new+experiments+and+hypotheses%3F+4.+How+did+social+processes+such+as+collaboration%2C+communication%2C+and+consensus+contribute+to+the+development+and+widespread+acceptance+of+the+bacterial+theory+of+ulcers%3F+I+conclude+with+a+sketch+of+science+as+a+complex+system+of+interacting+psychological%2C+physical%2C+and+social+processes.&rft.date=1997&rft.type=Preprint&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=text%2Fhtml&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F678%2F1%2Fulcers_two.htm&rft.identifier=++Thagard%2C+P.++(1997)+Ulcers+and+bacteria+II%3A+Instruments%2C+experiments%2C+and+social+interactions.++%5BPreprint%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F678%2F