creators_name: Menant, Christophe creators_id: christophe.menant@hotmail.fr type: confpaper datestamp: 2012-11-09 19:59:50 lastmod: 2013-02-18 15:13:20 metadata_visibility: show title: Turing Test, Chinese Room Argument, Symbol Grounding Problem. Meanings in Artificial Agents ispublished: pub subjects: bio-ani-cog subjects: comp-sci-art-intel subjects: comp-sci-robot subjects: phil-epist full_text_status: public keywords: Turing test, Chinese room argument, Symbol grounding problem, Meaning generation, Meaning Generator system, Artificial intelligence, Ethics note: Presentation available at http://crmenant.free.fr/IACAP-AISB2012-C.Menant-050712.pdf abstract: The Turing Test (TT), the Chinese Room Argument (CRA), and the Symbol Grounding Problem (SGP) are about the question “can machines think?”. We propose to look at that question through the capability for Artificial Agents (AAs) to generate meaningful information like humans. We present TT, CRA and SGP as being about generation of human-like meanings and analyse the possibility for AAs to generate such meanings. We use for that the existing Meaning Generator System (MGS) where a system submitted to a constraint generates a meaning in order to satisfy its constraint. Such system approach allows comparing meaning generation in animals, humans and AAs. The comparison shows that in order to design AAs capable of generating human-like meanings, we need the possibility to transfer human constraints to AAs. That requirement raises concerns coming from the unknown natures of life and human consciousness which are at the root of human constraints. Corresponding implications for the TT, the CRA and the SGP are highlighted. The usage of the MGS shows that designing AAs capable of thinking and feeling like humans needs an understanding about the natures of life and human mind that we do not have today. Following an evolutionary approach, we propose as a first entry point an investigation about extending life to AAs in order to design AAs carrying a “stay alive” constraint. Ethical concerns are raised from the relations between human constraints and human values. Continuations are proposed. date: 2012-07-05 date_type: completed refereed: TRUE referencetext: [1] Turing, A.M. (1950). “Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind, 59, 433-460. [2] Searle, J. R. (1980) “Minds, brains and programs”. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 417-424. [3] Harnad, S. (1990). "The Symbol Grounding Problem" Physica: 335-246. [4] Harnad, S. (2008) “The Annotation Game: On Turing (1950) on Computing, Machinery, and Intelligence” in: Parsing the Turing Test: Philosophical and Methodological Issues in the Quest for the Thinking Computer, Springer. ISBN 13: 978-1-4020-6708-2 [5] Menant, C. ”Information and Meaning” Entropy 2003, 5, 193-204, http://cogprints.org/3694/1/e5020193.pdf [6] Menant. C. (2010). “Computation on Information, Meaning and Representations. An Evolutionary Approach" in Information and Computation: Essays on Scientific and Philosophical Understanding of Foundations of Information and Computation, G. Dodig-Crnkovic, M.Burgin. ISBN-10: 9814295477 [7] Rodriguez, D. and all: “Meaning in Artificial Agents: The Symbol Grounding Problem Revisited”. Minds & Machines, Dec 2011. [8] Philpapers “Nature of Consciousness” http://philpapers.org/s/nature%20of%20consciousness [9] Philpapers “Nature of life” http://philpapers.org/s/nature%20of%20life [10] “Scientists create computing building blocks from bacteria and DNA” News and Events. Imperial College London. 18 Oct 2011. http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_18-10-2011-16-7-29 [11] “Hybrid Insect Micro Electromechanical Systems (HI-MEMS)”.. http://www.darpa.mil/Our_Work/MTO/Programs/Hybrid_Insect_Micro_Electromechanical_Systems_%28HI-MEMS%29.aspx]. [12] Menant, C. "Evolutionary Advantages of Intersubjectivity and Self-Consciousness through Improvements of Action Programs". TSC 2010 http://cogprints.org/6831/ [13] Taddeo, M., Floridi, L. “Solving the Symbol Grounding Problem: a Critical Review of Fifteen Years of Research” Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, Volume 17, Number 4, Number 4/December 2005. [14] Menant, C. " Information and Meaning in Life, Humans and Robots".In Procs.Foundation of Information Sciences 2005, Paris. http://cogprints.org/4531/1/F.45.paper.pdf [15] Menant, C. " Evolution and Mirror Neurons. An introduction to the Nature of Self-Consciousness". TSC 2005. http://cogprints.org/4533/1/Charts.pdf citation: Menant, Mr Christophe (2012) Turing Test, Chinese Room Argument, Symbol Grounding Problem. Meanings in Artificial Agents. [Conference Paper] document_url: http://cogprints.org/8716/1/C.Menant%20AISB-IACAP2012-Proceeding.pdf