---
abstract: "Jones and Klin (1) showed that newborns who will later develop autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) pay normal attention to eyes, but that attention declines from 2-6 months. This shows, they say, how 'initial genotypic vulnerabilities' cause ASDs. Their results suggest, however, that ASDs are caused by insufficient practice of early eye-contact."
altloc:
  - http://www.jungny.com/carl.jung.335.html
chapter: ~
commentary: ~
commref: ' Jones, W. & Klin, A. Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2–6-month-old infants later diagnosed with autism. Nature doi:10.1038/nature12715 (2013)'
confdates: ~
conference: ~
confloc: ~
contact_email: ~
creators_id:
  - maxmcdowell@jungny.com
creators_name:
  - family: McDowell
    given: Maxson J
    honourific: Dr
    lineage: ''
date: 2013-10
date_type: submitted
datestamp: 2014-02-25 12:39:56
department: ~
dir: disk0/00/00/91/32
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editors_id: []
editors_name:
  - family: Dhand
    given: Ritu
    honourific: Dr
    lineage: ''
eprint_status: archive
eprintid: 9132
fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/text_html.png;/9132/1/carl.jung.335a.html
full_text_status: public
importid: ~
institution: ~
isbn: ~
ispublished: unpub
issn: ~
item_issues_comment: []
item_issues_count: ~
item_issues_description: []
item_issues_id: []
item_issues_reported_by: []
item_issues_resolved_by: []
item_issues_status: []
item_issues_timestamp: []
item_issues_type: []
keywords: 'newborn, eye contact, autism spectrum disorders, direct cause, mother-infant pair'
lastmod: 2014-02-25 12:39:56
latitude: ~
longitude: ~
metadata_visibility: show
note: ~
number: ~
pagerange: ~
pubdom: FALSE
publication: Nature      Brief communication arising
publisher: Macmillan
refereed: FALSE
referencetext: "1. Jones, W. & Klin, A. Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2–6-month-old infants later diagnosed with autism. Nature doi:10.1038/nature12715 (2013)\r\n\r\n2. Novella, S. Evidence in medicine: correlation and causation. Science-Based Medicine. sciencebasedmedicine.org Posted Nov 18 (2009)\r\n\r\n3. Abrahams, B. S. & Geschwind, D. H. Advances in autism genetics: on the threshold of a new neurobiology. Nature Rev. Genet. 9, 341-355 (2008)\r\n\r\n4. McDowell, M. J. Autism's direct cause? Failure of infant-mother eye contact in a complex adaptive system. Biological Theory 5(4), 344-356 (2011). Also at: http://cogprints.org/9124/\r\n\r\n5. State, M. W. & Sestan, N. Neuroscience: the emerging biology of autism spectrum disorders. Science 337, 1301–1303 (2012)\r\n\r\n6. Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R.T.,  Volkmar, F.R. The enactive mind – from actions to cognition: lessons from autism. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., Bio. Sci. 358, 345-360 (2003)\r\n\r\n7. McDowell, M. J. Autism, early narcissistic injury and self-organization: a role for the image of the mother's eyes? J. Analyt. Psychol. 49(4), 495-520 (2004)\r\n\r\n8. Waldman, M., Nicholson, N. A., & Williams, J. Autism prevalence and precipitation rates in California, Oregon, and Washington counties. Arch. Ped. Adol. Med. 162(11), 1026-34 (2008)"
relation_type: []
relation_uri: []
reportno: ~
rev_number: 11
series: ~
source: ~
status_changed: 2014-02-25 12:39:56
subjects:
  - behav-neuro-sci
  - bio-theory
  - dev-psy
succeeds: ~
suggestions: ~
sword_depositor: ~
sword_slug: ~
thesistype: ~
title: 'Autism spectrum disorders: A relational cause'
type: other
userid: 958
volume: ~
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