---
abstract: 'Mosquito repellents contain pyrethroid derivatives, as the active ingredient. Data regarding human toxicity following oral intake is limited. This is a case report of an individual who presented with neurotoxicity following oral ingestion of prallethrin (2.4% w/w) of a higher concentration present in formulations commercially available than previously. A 22 year old male presented to the emergency Room (ER) in status epilepticus. He was managed in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). No cause for his status could be determined after all laboratory investigations. A review of history with the patient revealed that he had ingested a bottle of liquid mosquito repellent (45 ml). The patient has had no further symptoms on follow up and has been off anti epileptics. Pyrethroid containing mosquito repellents act on neuronal sodium channels causing hyperexcitiability. With no known specific antidotes, symptomatic treatment is the main stay of management.'
altloc:
  - http://www.ojhas.org/issue48/2013-4-11.html
chapter: ~
commentary: ~
commref: ~
confdates: ~
conference: ~
confloc: ~
contact_email: ~
creators_id:
  - vijaydr@sify.com
  - ~
  - ~
creators_name:
  - family: Vijayaraju
    given: D
    honourific: ''
    lineage: ''
  - family: Ramkumar
    given: S
    honourific: ''
    lineage: ''
  - family: Subramanian
    given: SR
    honourific: ''
    lineage: ''
date: 2014-02-20
date_type: published
datestamp: 2015-02-21 14:36:13
department: ~
dir: disk0/00/00/97/18
edit_lock_since: ~
edit_lock_until: 0
edit_lock_user: ~
editors_id:
  - Kakkilaya BS
editors_name:
  - family: Kakkilaya
    given: Srinivas
    honourific: Dr
    lineage: ''
eprint_status: archive
eprintid: 9718
fileinfo: /9718/1.hassmallThumbnailVersion/2013-4-11.pdf;/9718/1/2013-4-11.pdf
full_text_status: public
importid: ~
institution: ~
isbn: ~
ispublished: pub
issn: ~
item_issues_comment: []
item_issues_count: ~
item_issues_description: []
item_issues_id: []
item_issues_reported_by: []
item_issues_resolved_by: []
item_issues_status: []
item_issues_timestamp: []
item_issues_type: []
keywords: Pyrethroids; Status Epilepticus; Sodium Channel
lastmod: 2015-04-20 11:43:21
latitude: ~
longitude: ~
metadata_visibility: show
note: ~
number: 4(11)
pagerange: ~
pubdom: TRUE
publication: Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences
publisher: Kakkilaya BS
refereed: TRUE
referencetext: "1.\tMilikan D, Rice B, Silbergleit R. Emergency Treatment of Status Epilepticus: Current Thinking. Emerg Med ClinN Am. 2009;27(1):101-113.\r\n2.\tHolland MG. Insecticides: Organic Chlorines, Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids and DEET. In Hoffman RS, Nelson LS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Flomembaun NE, Goldfrank LR (editors). Goldfrank’s Manual of Toxicologic Emergencies. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2007. P 851-54.\r\n3.\tBradberry SM, Cage SA, Proudfoot AT, Vale JA. Poisoning due to pyrethroids. Toxicol Rev.2005;24(2):93-106.\r\n4.\tPhilip CC, Deodhar D, John M. Prallethrin and Status- A Rare Association. The Internet Journal of Toxicology. 2010;7(2).DOI: 10.5580/8df Available at http://yester.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-toxicology/volume-7-number-2/prallethrin-and-status-a-rare-association.html#sthash.OEALem1F.dpbs\r\n5.\tWolansky MJ, Harril JA. Neurobehavioral toxicology of pyrethroid insecticides in adult animals: A critical review. Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 2008;30:55–78.\r\n6.\tHossain MM, Suzuki T, Unno T, Komori S, Kobayashi H. Differential presynaptic actions of pyrethroid insecticides on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus. Toxicology. 2008;243:155–163.\r\n7.\tSoderlund DM, Clark JM, Sheets LP et al. Mechanisms of pyrethroid neurotoxicity: implications for cumulative risk assessment. Toxicology. 2002;171:3–59.\r\n8.\tShafer TJ, Meyer DA. Effects of pyrethroids on voltage-sensitive calcium channels: a critical evaluation of strengths, weaknesses, data needs, and relationship to assessment of cumulative neurotoxicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2004;196:303–318.\r\n9.\tSoderlund DM, Bloomquist JR. Neurotoxic actions of pyrethroid insecticides. Annu Rev Entomol. 1989;34:77-96.\r\n10.\tFlannigan SA, Tucker SB, Key MM et al. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides: A dermatological evaluation. Br J Ind Med.1985;42:363-72."
relation_type: []
relation_uri: []
reportno: ~
rev_number: 10
series: ~
source: ~
status_changed: 2015-02-21 14:36:13
subjects:
  - OJHAS
succeeds: ~
suggestions: ~
sword_depositor: ~
sword_slug: ~
thesistype: ~
title: Prallethrin Poisoning Presenting as Status Epilepticus
type: journale
userid: 4338
volume: 12
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