Cogprints

Self-Organization of Innate Face Preferences: Could Genetics Be Expressed Through Learning?

Bednar, James A. and Miikkulainen, Risto (2000) Self-Organization of Innate Face Preferences: Could Genetics Be Expressed Through Learning? [Conference Paper]

Full text available as:

[img] Postscript
319Kb
[img] PDF
181Kb

Abstract

Self-organizing models develop realistic cortical structures when given approximations of the visual environment as input, and are an effective way to model the development of face recognition abilities. However, environment-driven self-organization alone cannot account for the fact that newborn human infants will preferentially attend to face-like stimuli even immediately after birth. Recently it has been proposed that internally generated input patterns, such as those found in the developing retina and in PGO waves during REM sleep, may have the same effect on self-organization as does the external environment. Internal pattern generators constitute an efficient way to specify, develop, and maintain functionally appropriate perceptual organization. They may help express complex structures from minimal genetic information, and retain this genetic structure within a highly plastic system. Simulations with the RF-LISSOM model show that such preorganization can account for newborn face preferences, providing a computational framework for examining how genetic influences interact with experience to construct a complex system.

Item Type:Conference Paper
Keywords:face detection, face preferences, face recognition, self-organization, REM sleep, pattern generation, newborn, retinal waves, PGO waves, plasticity, nature/nurture, genome, CONSPEC/CONLERN
Subjects:Computer Science > Neural Nets
Psychology > Developmental Psychology
Neuroscience > Neural Modelling
ID Code:1899
Deposited By: Bednar, James A.
Deposited On:18 Nov 2001
Last Modified:11 Mar 2011 08:54

References in Article

Select the SEEK icon to attempt to find the referenced article. If it does not appear to be in cogprints you will be forwarded to the paracite service. Poorly formated references will probably not work.

Bednar, J. A., and Miikkulainen, R. 1998. Pattern-

generator-driven development in self-organizing

models. In Bower, J. M., ed., Computational Neu-

roscience: Trends in Research, 1998, 317-323.

New York: Plenum.

Callaway, C. W.; Lydic, R.; Baghdoyan, H. A.; and

Hobson, J. A. 1987. Pontogeniculooccipital

waves: Spontaneous visual system activity during

rapid eye movement sleep. Cellular and Molecu-

lar Neurobiology 7(2):105-49.

Datta, S. 1997. Cellular basis of pontine ponto-

geniculo-occipital wave generation and modu-

lation. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology

17(3):341-365.

Gell-Mann, M., and Lloyd, S. 1996. Information mea-

sures, effective complexity, and total information.

Complexity 2(1):44-52.

Goren, C. C.; Sarty, M.; and Wu, P. Y. 1975. Visual

following and pattern discrimination of face-like

stimuli by newborn infants. Pediatrics 56(4):544-

549.

Haxby, J. V.; Horwitz, B.; Ungerleider, L. G.; Maisog,

J. M.; Pietrini, P.; and Grady, C. L. 1994. The

functional organization of human extrastriate cor-

tex: A PET-rCBF study of selective attention

to faces and locations. Journal of Neuroscience

14:6336-6353.

Hirsch, H. V. B. 1985. The role of visual experience

in the development of cat striate cortex. Cellular

and Molecular Neurobiology 5:103-121.

Johnson, M. H., and Morton, J. 1991. Biology

and Cognitive Development: The Case of Face

Recognition. Oxford, UK; New York: Blackwell.

Jouvet, M. 1998. Paradoxical sleep as a programming

system. Journal of Sleep Research 7(Suppl 1):1-

5.

Langlois, J. H., and Roggman, L. A. 1990. Attrac-

tive faces are only average. Psychological Sci-

ence 1:115-121.

Marks, G. A.; Shaffery, J. P.; Oksenberg, A.; Speciale,

S. G.; and Roffwarg, H. P. 1995. A functional role

for REM sleep in brain maturation. Behavioural

Brain Research 69:1-11.

Marr, D. 1982. Vision. New York: Freeman.

Meltzoff, A. N., and Moore, A. K. 1997. Explain-

ing facial imitation: A theoretical model. Early

Developmental Parenting 6:179-192.

Morris, J. S.; Ohman, A.; and Dolan, R. J. 1999. A

subcortical pathway to the right amygdala medi-

ating "unseen" fear. Proceedings of the National

Academy of Sciences, USA 96(4):1680-1685.

Rector, D. M.; Poe, G. R.; Redgrave, P.; and Harper,

R. M. 1997. A miniature CCD video camera for

high-sensitivity light measurements in freely be-

having animals. Journal of Neuroscience Meth-

ods 78(1-2):85-91.

Rodman, H. R. 1994. Development of inferior tem-

poral cortex in the monkey. Cerebral Cortex

4(5):484-98.

Roffwarg, H. P.; Muzio, J. N.; and Dement, W. C.

1966. Ontogenetic development of the human

sleep-dream cycle. Science 152:604-619.

Rowley, H. A.; Baluja, S.; and Kanade, T. 1998. Neu-

ral network-based face detection. IEEE Trans-

actions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelli-

gence 20:23-38.

Shatz, C. J. 1996. Emergence of order in visual sys-

tem development. Proceedings of the National

Academy of Sciences, USA 93:602-608.

Sirosh, J., and Miikkulainen, R. 1996. Self-

organization and functional role of lateral connec-

tions and multisize receptive fields in the primary

visual cortex. Neural Processing Letters 3:39-48.

Sirosh, J.; Miikkulainen, R.; and Bednar, J. A. 1996.

Self-organization of orientation maps, lateral

connections, and dynamic receptive fields in the

primary visual cortex. In Sirosh, J.; Miikkulai-

nen, R.; and Choe, Y., eds., Lateral Interactions

in the Cortex: Structure and Function. Austin,

TX: The UTCS Neural Networks Research

Group. Electronic book, ISBN 0-9647060-

0-8, http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/nn/web-

pubs/htmlbook96.

Slater, A., and Kirby, R. 1998. Innate and learned

perceptual abilities in the newborn infant. Exper-

imental Brain Research 123(1-2):90-94.

Slater, A.; Von der Schulenburg, C.; Brown, E.; Bade-

noch, M.; Butterworth, G.; Parsons, S.; and

Samuels, C. 1998. Newborn infants prefer at-

tractive faces. Infant Behavior and Development

21(2):345-354.

Swindale, N. V. 1996. The development of topography

in the visual cortex: A review of models. Network

- Computation in Neural Systems 7:161-247.

Metadata

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Cogprints is powered by EPrints 3 which is developed by the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton. More information and software credits.