Cogprints

RELATIONSHIP OF BODILY COMMUNICATION WITH COGNITIVE AND PERSONALITY VARIABLES

Gezgin, Dr. Ulas Basar (2006) RELATIONSHIP OF BODILY COMMUNICATION WITH COGNITIVE AND PERSONALITY VARIABLES. [Thesis]

This is the latest version of this eprint.

Full text available as:

[img]
Preview
 PDF
963Kb

Abstract

ABSTRACT RELATIONSHIP OF BODILY COMMUNICATION WITH COGNITIVE AND PERSONALITY VARIABLES Ulaş Başar Gezgin PhD, Department of Cognitive Science Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şükriye Ruhi May 2006, 212 pages Why are there individual differences in people’s bodily communication performance success? Which variables may be responsible for the variation in the performance success? Which analogies would appear to dominate in bodily communication, and in what ways would the metaphorization and metonymization processes operate? In this study, the relationship of bodily communication performance with cognitive and personality variables was investigated. 218 students participated to the first phase of the study while 88 of them participated to the second phase of it. In the first phase, a set of tests was given successively to determine the levels of certain cognitive and personality variables. In the experimental setting, the participants were instructed to communicate certain words one by one nonverbally just as in the ‘Silent Movie’ game. The stability of bodily communication expectancy ratings, the factor structure of bodily communication performance and the frequency of the ways of representation for each word were analyzed. Interrater reliability analysis, third eye analysis and case studies were conducted; the unsuccessful representations were described and finally, structural equation modeling results were presented. The theories and research on personality and cognition, metaphors, metonymies, analogies, bodily representations, mind-reading, pragmatics and the notion of relevance were reviewed in the dissertation and after the exposition of the strategies, schemata and scripts employed in the experiments, a model of bodily communication was proposed aiming to integrate the manifold aspects of bodily communication. Keywords: Bodily communication, metaphors, metonymies, mind-reading, inference.

Item Type:Thesis
Keywords:Bodily communication, metaphors, metonymies, mind-reading, inference
Subjects:Psychology > Applied Cognitive Psychology
Linguistics > Semantics
Psychology > Psycholinguistics
Psychology > Cognitive Psychology
Psychology > Perceptual Cognitive Psychology
Linguistics > Pragmatics
Psychology > Social Psychology
ID Code:4954
Deposited By: Gezgin, Dr. Ulas Basar
Deposited On:03 Jul 2006
Last Modified:11 Mar 2011 08:56

Available Versions of this Item

References in Article

Select the SEEK icon to attempt to find the referenced article. If it does not appear to be in cogprints you will be forwarded to the paracite service. Poorly formated references will probably not work.

Abu-Akel, A. (2003). A neurobiological mapping of theory of mind. Brain Research Reviews, 43, 29-40.

Aitken, L., Simpson, S. and Burns, A. (1999). Personality change in dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 11(3), 263.

Akert, R.M. and Panter, A.T. (1988). Extraversion and the ability to decode nonverbal communication. Personality and Individual Differences, 9(6), 965-972.

Antonietti, A. and Gioletta, M. A. (1995). Individual differences in analogical problem solving. Personality and Individual Differences, 18(5), 611-619.

Aristotle (350 B.C./1991). The art of rhetoric (trans. H. Lawson-Tancred). London and New York: Penguin Classics.

Asendorpf, J. B. and Wilpers, S. (1998). Personality effects on social relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1531-1544.

Baddeley, A. (1986). Working memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Baddeley, A. (1998). Recent developments in working memory. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 8, 234-238.

Bagner, D. M., Melinder, M. R. D., Barch, D. M. (2003). Language comprehension and working memory language comprehension and working memory deficits in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 60, 299-309.

Bannister, D. and Mair, J. M. M. (1968). The evaluation of personal constructs. London and New York: Academic Press.

Barcelona, A. (2000a). Introduction: the cognitive theory of metaphor and metonymy. In A. Barcelona (Ed.). Metaphor and metonymy at the crossroads: a cognitive perspective (pp. 1-28). Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Barcelona, A. (2000b). On the plausibility of claiming a metonymic motivation for conceptual metaphor. In A. Barcelona (Ed.). Metaphor and metonymy at the crossroads: a cognitive perspective (pp. 31-58). Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Barenbaum, N. B. (2000). How social was personality? The Allports’ “connection” of social and personality psychology. Journal of History of the Behavioral Sciences, 36(4), 471-487.

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y. and Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test Revised Version: a study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger Syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42(2), 241-251.

Barrera, A., McKenna, P. J. and Berrios, G. E. (2005). Formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: an executive or a semantic deficit? Psychological Medicine, 35, 121-132.

Barsalou, L. W. (1999). Perceptual symbol systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(4), 577-660.

Bates, T. C., and Shieles, A. (2003). Crystallized intelligence as a product of speed and drive for experience: the relationship of inspection time and openness to g and Gc. Intelligence, 31, 275-282.

Beadle-Brown, J. (2004). Elicited imitation in children and adults with autism: the effect of different types of actions. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 17, 37-48.

Blatt, S. J. and Auerbach, J. S. (2000). Psychoanalytic models of the mind and their contributions to personality research. European Journal of Personality, 14(5), 429-447.

Boas, H. C. (2005). Semantic frames as interlingual representations for multilingual lexical databases. International Journal of Lexicography, 18(4), 445-478.

Boden, M. (1998). Creativity and artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence, 103, 347-356.

Bonnardel, N. (2000). Towards understanding and supporting creativity in design: analogies in a constrained cognitive environment. Knowledge-Based Systems, 13, 505-513.

Bornstein, R. F. (1998). Book review. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 15(4), 569-575.

Breheny, R. (2006). Communication and folk psychology. Mind & Language, 21(1), 74-107.

Breheny, R. (2002). The current state of (radical) pragmatics in the cognitive sciences. Mind & Language, 17(1-2), 169-187.

Brewer, W. F. (2000). Bartlett’s concept of the schema and its impact on theories of knowledge representation in contemporary cognitive psychology. In A. Saito (Ed.). Bartlett, culture and cognition (pp. 65-89). Cambridge: Psychology Press.

Brown, J. D., Collins, R. L. and Schmidt, G. W. (1988). Self-esteem and direct versus indirect forms of self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(3), 445-453.

Brunet, E., Sarfati, Y., Hardy-Baylé, M.-C. and Decety, J. (2000). A PET investigation of the attribution of intentions with a nonverbal task. NeuroImage, 11, 157-166.

Bucci, W. (2000). The need for a “psychoanalytic psychology” in the cognitive science field. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 17(2), 203-224.

Calder, A. J., Lawrence, A. D., Keane, J., Scott, S. K., Owen, A. M., Christoffels, I., Young, A. W. (2002). Reading the mind from eye gaze. Neuropsychologia, 40, 1129-1138.

Cameron, L. (1999). Operationalising ‘metaphor’ for applied linguistic research. In L. Cameron and G. Low (Eds). Researching and applying metaphor (pp. 3-28). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Campbell, W. K., Reeder, G. D., Sedikides, C. and Elliot, A. J. (2000). Narcissism and comparative self-enhancement strategies. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 329-347.

Canale, D. and Tuzet, G. (2005). On legal inferentialism: Towards a pragmatics of semantic content in legal interpretation. Bocconi Legal Studies Research Paper No. 06-08. Bocconi University, Italy.

Cantor, N. (1990). From thought to behavior: “having” and “doing” in the study of personality and cognition. American Psychologist, 45(6), 735-750.

Carruthers, P. (2002). Human creativity: Its cognitive basis, its evolution, and its connections with childhood pretence. British Journal of Philosophy of Science, 53, 225-249.

Carston, R. (2002). Linguistic meaning, communicated meaning and cognitive pragmatics. Mind & Language, 17(1-2), 127-148.

Carston, R., Guttenplan, S. and Wilson, D. (2002). Introduction: special issue on pragmatics and cognitive science. Mind & Language, 17(1-2), 1-2.

Castelli, F., Frith, C., Happé, F. and Frith, U. (2002). Autism, Asperger syndrome and brain mechanisms for the attribution of mental states to animated shapes. Brain, 125, 1839-1849.

Channon, S. and Crawford, S. (2000). The effects of anterior lesions on performance on a story comprehension test: left anterior impairment on a theory of mind-type task. Neuropsychologia, 38, 1006-1017.

Cheng, E. W. L. (2001). SEM being more effective than multiple regression in parsimonious model testing for management development research. Journal of Management Development, 20(7), 650-667.

Chiappe, D. L. and Kennedy, J. M. (2001). Literal bases for metaphor and simile. Metaphor and Symbol, 16(3&4), 2492-76.

Clark, L., Manes, F., Antoun, N., Sahakian, B. J. & Robbins, T. W. (2003). The contributions of lesion laterality and lesion volume to decision-making impairment following frontal lobe damage. Neuropsychologia, 41, 1474-1483.

Cohen, T. (1999). Identifying with metaphors: metaphors of personal identification. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 57(4), 399-409.

Colonia-Willner, R. (1998). Practical intelligence at work: relationship between aging and cognitive efficiency among managers in a bank environment. Psychology and Aging, 13(1), 45-57.

Conte, R. (1999). Social intelligence among autonomous agents. Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, 5(3), 203-228.

Corwyn, R. F. (2000). The factor structure of Global Self-Esteem among adolescents and adults. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 357-379.

Coslett, H. B. (1998). Evidence for a disturbance of the body schema in neglect. Brain and Cognition, 37, 527-544.

Costello, F. J. and Keane, M. T. (2000). Efficient creativity: constraint-guided conceptual combination. Cognitive Science, 24(2), 299-349.

Croft, W. and Cruse, D. A. (2005). Cognitive linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Davis, S. F., Brener, S. A., Anderson, B. J. and Tramill, J. L. (1983). The interrelationships of ego strength, self-esteem, death anxiety, and gender in undergraduate college students. The Journal of General Psychology, 108, 55-59.

Denes, G., Cappelletti, J. Y., Zilli, T., Dalla Porta, F. and Gallana, A. (2000). A category-specific deficit of spatial representation: the case of autotopagnosia. Neuropsychologia, 38, 345-350.

Denney, N. W. and Heidrich, S. M. (1990). Training effects in Raven’s Progressive Matrices in young, middle-aged, and elderly adults. Psychology and Aging, 5(1), 144-145.

DeShon, R. P. (1998). A cautionary note on measurement error corrections in structural equation models. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 412-423.

Di Piero, V., Di Cesare, S., Talamonti, F., Vicenzini, E., Tombari, D., Bragoni, M. and Biondi, M. (1997). Personality profiles in migraineous and tension-type headache patients. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 150(1), 169.

Docherty, N. M., Cohen, A. S., Nienow, T. M., Dinzeo, T. J., Dangelmaier, R. E. (2003). Stability of Formal Thought Disorder and referential communication disturbances in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112(3), 469-475.

Dray, N. L. and McNeill, D. (1992). Gestures during discourse: the contextual structuring of thought. In S. L. Tsohatzidis (Ed.). Meanings and prototypes: studies in linguistic categorization (pp. 465-487). London and New York: Routledge.

Dunbar, K. (2001). The analogical paradox: why analogy is so easy in naturalistic settings, yet so difficult in the psychological laboratory. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 313-334). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Dunbar, K. and Blanchette, I. (2001). The in vivo/ in vitro approach to cognition: the case of analogy. TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences, 5(8), 334-339.

El Kaliouby, R. and Robinson, P. (2005). Generalization of a vision-based computational model of mind-reading. Proceedings of First International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (pp 582-589). Beijing, China.

Endler, N. S. (2000). The interface between personality and cognition. European Journal of Personality, 14, 377-389.

Endler, N. S., Cox, B. J., Parker, J. D. A. and Bagby, R. M. (1992). Self-reports of depression and state-trait anxiety: evidence for differential assessment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(5), 832-838.

Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A., Bagby, R. M. and Cox, B. J. (1991). Multidimensionality of state-trait anxiety: factor structure of the Endler multidimensional anxiety scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6), 919-926.

Escandell-Vidal, V. (2004). Norms and principles, putting social and cognitive pragmatics together. In R. Marquez-Reiter and M. E. Placencia (Eds.). Current trends in the pragmatics of Spanish (pp. 347-371). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Eurowordnet. (2002). EusWordNet interfaces. From EuroWordNet. Retrieved May 15, 2006. Website: http://sisx03.si.ehu.es/tresnak/wei/wei_mysql.html

Farmer, R. F., LaRita, L. J., Berent, M. K. and Corbett, A. (2001). Contributions to Global Self-Esteem: the role of importance attached to self-concepts associated with the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Research in Personality, 35, 483-499.

Felician, O., Ceccaldi, M., Didic, M., Thinus-Blanc, C. and Poncet, M. (2003). Pointing to body parts: a double dissociation study. Neuropsychologia, 41, 1307-1316.

Fellbaum, C. (1998). A semantic network of English: the mother of all Wordnets. Computers and the Humanities, 32, 209-220.

Fellows, L. K. (2006). Deciding how to decide: ventromedial frontal lobe damage affects information acquisition in multi-attribute decision making. Brain, 129, 944-952.

Fellows, L. K. and Farah, M. J. (2005). Different underlying impairments in decision-making following ventromedial and dorsolateral frontal lobe damage in humans. Cerebral Cortex, 15, 58-63.

Floyd, F. J. and Widaman, K. F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 286-299.

Foddy, M. and Kashima, Y. (2002). Self and identity: what is the conception of the person assumed in the current literature? In Y. Kashima, M. Foddy and M. J. Platow (Eds.). Self and identity: personal, social, and symbolic (pp. 3-25). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Fodor, J. A. and Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1988). Connectionism and cognitive architecture: a critical analysis. Cognition, 28, 3-71.

Forceville, C. (2005). Visual representations of the idealized cognitive model of anger in the Asterix album La Zizanie. Journal of Pragmatics, 37, 69-88.

Forceville, C. (2002). The identification of target and source in pictorial metaphors. Journal of Pragmatics, 34, 1-14.

Francis, L. J. and James, D. J. (1996). The relationship between Rosenberg’s construct of self-esteem and Eysenck’s two-dimensional model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 21(4), 483-488.

Frisson, S. and Pickering, M. J. (1999). The processing of metonymy: evidence from eye movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(6), 1366-1283.

Frith, U. and Frith, C. (2001). The biological basis of social interaction. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(5), 151-155.

Funahashi, S. (2001). Neuronal mechanisms of executive control by the prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience Research, 39, 147-165.

Fuoss, K. W. (1995). Community contested, imagined, and performed: Cultural performance, contestation, and community in an organized-labor social drama. Text and Performance Quarterly, 15, 79-98.

Gallagher, H. L., Happé, F., Brunswick, N., Fletcher, P. C., Frith, U. and Frith, C. D. (2000). Reading the mind in cartoons and stories: an fMRI study of ‘theory of mind’ in verbal and nonverbal tasks. Neuropsychologia, 38, 11-21.

Gallese, V. and Goldman, A. (1998). Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mind-reading. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(12), 493-501.

Gehring, W. J. and Knight, R. T. (2002). Lateral prefrontal damage affects processing selection but not attention switching. Brain Research Interactive, 13, 267-279.

Gentner, D. (1988). Metaphor as structure mapping: the relational shift. Child Development, 59(1), 47-59.

Gentner, D., Bowdle, B. F., Wolff, P. and Boronat, C. (2001). Metaphor is like analogy. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 199-253). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Gershuny, B. S. and Sher, K. J. (1998). The relation between personality and anxiety: findings from a 3-year prospective study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(2), 252-262.

Gibbs, R. W. (2001). Taking metaphor out of our heads and putting it into the cultural world. R. W. Gibbs and G. J. Steen (Eds.). Metaphor in cognitive linguistics: selected papers from the Fifth International Cognitive Linguistics Conference (pp. 145-166). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Glymour, C. (2001). The mind’s arrows: Bayes nets and graphical causal models in psychology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Goldenberg, G. (1997). Disorders of body perception. In T. E. Feinberg and M. J. Farah (Eds.). Behavioral neurology and neuropsychology (pp. 289-296). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Gomez, R. and Francis, L. M. (2003). Generalised Anxiety Disorder: relationships with Eysenck’s, Gray’s, and Newman’s theories. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 3-17.

Goswami, U. (2001). Analogical reasoning in children. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak, and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 437-470). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Grady, J. (2002). Book review. Journal of Pragmatics, 34, 1903-1909.

Greco, A. (1994). Integrating “different” models in cognitive psychology. Cognitive Systems, 4(1), 21-32.

Green, B. (2004). Personal construct psychology and content analysis. Personal Construct Theory & Practice, 1, 82-91.

Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszyczynski, T., Rosenblatt, A., Burling, J., Lyon, D., Simon, L. and Pinel, E. (1992). Why do people need self-esteem? Converging evidence that self-esteem serves an anxiety-buffering function. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(6), 913-922.

Greenberger E., Chen, C., Dmitrieva, J. and Farrugia, S. P. (2003). Item wording and the dimensionality of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: do they matter? Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1241-1254.

Gross, S. (2005). Context-sensitive truth-theoretic accounts of semantic competence. Mind & Language, 20(1), 68-102.

Guariglia, C., Piccardi, L., Puglisi Allegra, M. C. and Traballesi, M. (2002). Is autotopagnosia real? EC says tes. A case study. Neuropsychologia, 40, 1744-1749.

Gust, H., Kühnberger, K.-U. and Schmid, U. (2006). Metaphors and heuristic-driven theory projection (HDTP). Theoretical Computer Science, 354, 1, 98-117.

Hareli, S. and Weiner, B. (2000). Accounts for success as determinants of perceived arrogance and modesty. Motivation and Emotion, 24(3), 215-236.

Haser, V. (2005). Metaphor, metonymy, and experientialist philosophy: challenging cognitive semantics. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Hawkins, B. W. (1997). The social dimension of a cognitive grammar. W.-A. Liebert, G. Redeker, and L. Waugh (Eds.). Discourse and perspective in cognitive linguistics (pp. 21-36). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Helson, R., Kwan, V. S. Y., John, O. P. and Jones, C. (2002). The growing evidence for personality change in adulthood: Findings from research with personality inventories. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(4), 287-306.

Helson, R. and Soto, C. J. (2005). Up and down in middle age: Monotonic and nonmonotonic changes in roles, status, and personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(2), 194-204.

Hishinuma, E. S., Miyamoto, R. H., Nishimura, S. T. and Nahulu, L. B. (2000). Differences in State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores for ethnical diverse adolescents in Hawaii. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 6(1), 73-83.

Hobson, R. P. and Lee, A. (1999). Imitation and identification in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40(4), 649-659.

Hofstadter, D. R. (2001). Epilogue: analogy as the core of cognition. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 499-538). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Holyoak, K. J. and Thagard, P. (1990). A constraint-satisfaction approach to analogue retrieval and mapping. In K. J. Gilhooly, M. T. G. Keane, R. H. Logie and G. Erdas (Eds.). Lines of thinking: reflections on the psychology of thought. Volume 1: representation, reasoning, analogy and decision making (pp. 205-220). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Holyoak, K. J. and Thagard, P. (1995). Mental leaps: analogy in creative thought. Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Holyoak, K. J., Gentner, D. and Kokinov, B. N. (2001). Introduction: the place of analogy in cognition. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 1-19). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Humphreys, M. S. and Kashima, Y. (2002). Connectionism and self: distributed representational systems and their implications for self and identity. Y. Kashima, M. Foddy and M. J. Platow (Eds.). Self and identity: personal, social, and symbolic (pp. 27-54). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Jäkel, O. (2001). Kant, Blumenberg, Weinrich: some forgotten contributions to the cognitive theory of metaphor. R. W. Gibbs and G. J. Steen (Eds.). Metaphor in cognitive linguistics: selected papers from the Fifth International Cognitive Linguistics Conference (pp. 29-45). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Jambor, E. and Elliott, M. (2005). Self-esteem and coping strategies among deaf students. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 10(1), 63-81.

Johnson, M. (1987). The body in the mind: the bodily basis of meaning, imagination, and reason. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.

Jopling, D. A. (1997). A “self of selves”? In U. Neisser and D. A. Jopling (Eds.). The conceptual self in context: culture, experience, self-understanding (pp. 249-267). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kant, I. (1781/1978). Critique of pure reason (trans. J. M. D. Meiklejohn). New York: J. M. Dent & Sons.

Keane, M. T. (1996). On adaptation in analogy: tests of pragmatic importance and adaptability in analogical problem solving. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49A(4), 1062-1085.

Keane, M. T. G. (1990a). Analogy, metaphor and transfer. In K. J. Gilhooly, M. T. G. Keane, R. H. Logie and G. Erdas (Eds.). Lines of thinking: reflections on the psychology of thought. Volume 1: representation, reasoning, analogy and decision making (pp. 201-203). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Keane, M. T. G. (1990b). Incremental analogizing: theory and model. In K. J. Gilhooly, M. T. G. Keane, R. H. Logie and G. Erdas (Eds.). Lines of thinking: reflections on the psychology of thought. Volume 1: representation, reasoning, analogy and decision making (pp. 221-235). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Keane, M. T. and Costello, F. (2001). Setting limits on analogy: why conceptual combination is not structural alignment. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 287-312). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Keller, J. D. (1992). Schemes for schemata. T. Schwartz, G. M. White and C. A. Lutz (Eds.). New directions in psychological anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kelly, G. A. (1955a). The psychology of personal constructs: volume 1: a theory of personality. New York: Norton.

Kelly, G. A. (1955b). The psychology of personal constructs: volume 2: clinical diagnosis and psychotherapy. New York: Norton.

Kendon, A. (1993). Human gesture. In K. R. Gibson and T. Ingold (Eds.). Tools, language and cognition in human evolution (pp. 43-62). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kennedy, F., Clarke, S., Stopa, L., Bell, L., Rouse, H., Ainsworth, C., Fearon, P. and Waller G. (2004). Towards a cognitive model and measure of dissociation. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 35, 25-48.

Kerns, J. G. and Berenbaum, H. (2002). Cognitive impairments associated with Formal Thought Disorder in people with schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111(2), 211-224.

Keysar, B., Lin, S. and Barr, D. J. (2003). Limits on theory of mind use in adults. Cognition, 89, 25-41.

Keysar, B., Shen, Y., Glucksberg, S. and Horton, W. S. (2000). Conventional language: how metaphorical is it? Journal of Memory and Language, 43, 576-593.

Kihlstrom, J. F., Marchese-Foster, L. A. and Klein, S. B. (1997). Situating the self in interpersonal space. U. Neisser and D. A. Jopling (Eds.). The conceptual self in context: culture, experience, self-understanding (pp. 154-171). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kimmel, M. (2002). Metaphor, imagery and culture: spatialized ontologies, mental tools, and multimedia in the making. Unpublished PhD Dissertation. Vienne: Universitaet Wien; Grund- und Integrativwissenschaftliche Fakultaet; Institut fuer Philosophie.

Kittay, E. F. (1989). Metaphor: its cognitive force and linguistic structure. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Klayman, J., Soll, J. B., Gonzalez-Vallejo, C. and Barlas, S. (1999). Overconfidence: it depends on how, what, and whom you ask. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 79(3), 216-247.

Klin, A. (2000). Attributing social meaning to ambiguous visual stimuli in higher-functioning autism and Asperger Syndrome: The Social Attribution Task. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41(7), 831-846.

Kling, K. C., Ryff, C. D., Love, G. and Essex, M. (2003). Exploring the influence of personality on depressive symptoms and self-esteem across a significant life transition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(5), 922-932.

Knight, R. T., Staines, W. R., Swick, D. and Chao, L. L. (1999). Prefrontal cortex regulates inhibition and excitation in distributed neural networks. Acta Psychologica, 101, 159-178.

Korta, K. and Perry, J. (2006). Three demonstrations and a funeral. Mind & Language, 21(2), 166-186.

Kövecses, Z. (2005). Metaphor in culture: universality and variation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kurman, J. (2002). Measured cross-cultural differences in self-enhancement and the sensitivity of the self-enhancement measure to the modesty response. Cross-Cultural Research, 36(1), 73-95.

Kurman, J. (2001). Is self-enhancement related to modesty or to individualism-collectivism? A test with four Israeli groups. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 4, 225-237.

Lakoff, G. (1987). Women, fire, and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1999). Philosophy in the flesh: the embodied mind and its challenge to Western thought. New York: Basic Books.

Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980a). Metaphors we live by. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.

Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980b). The metaphorical structure of the human conceptual system. Cognitive Science, 4, 195-208.

Langacker, R. W. (1993). Reference-point constructions. Cognitive Linguistics, 4, 1-38.

Langdon, R., Davies, M. and Coltheart, M. (2002). Understanding minds and understanding communicated meanings in schizophrenia. Mind & Language, 17(1-2), 68-104.

Langston, C. A. and Sykes, W. E. (1997). Beliefs and the big five: cognitive bases of broad individual differences in personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 31, 141-165.

Lee, A. and Hobson, R. P. (1998). On developing self-concepts: A controlled study of children and adolescents with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39(8), 1131-1144.

Leeson, V. C., Simpson, A., McKenna, P. J. and Laws, K. R. (2005). Executive inhibition and semantic association in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 74, 61-67.

León-Carrión, J. (1998). Neurologically-related changes in Personality Inventory (NECHAPI): a clinical tool addressed to neurorehabilitation planning and monitoring effects of personality treatment. Neurorehabilitation, 11(2), 129-139.

Leslie, A. M., Friedman, O. and German, T. P. (2004). Core mechanisms in ‘theory of mind’. TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences, 8(12), 528-533.

Levin, B. W. and Browner, C. H. (2005). The social production of health: critical contributions from evolutionary, biological, and cultural anthropology. Social Science and Medicine, 61(4), 745-750.

Lieberman, M. D. and Rosenthal, R. (2001). Why introverts can’t always tell who likes them: multitasking and nonverbal decoding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), 294-310.

Littlemore, J. and Low, G. D. (2006). Figurative thinking and foreign language learning. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.

Liu, Y.-T. (1998). Personal versus cultural cognitive models of design creativity. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 8, 185-195.

Long, M. H. and Richards, J. C. (1999). Series editors’ preface. In L. Cameron and G. Low (Eds). Researching and applying metaphor (pp. x-xi). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mahon, J. E. (1999). Getting your sources right: what Aristotle didn’t say. In L. Cameron and G. Low (Eds). Researching and applying metaphor (pp. 69-87). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Manor, R. (2001). On the overlap of pragmatics and semantics. Synthese, 128, 63-73.

Markert, K. and Hahn, U. (2002). Understanding metonymies in discourse. Artificial Intelligence, 135, 145-198.

McAdams, D. P. (1994). The person: an introduction to personality psychology. Philadelphia: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

McCabe, A. (1998). Sentences combined: text and discourse. In J. B. Gleason and N. B. Ratner (Eds.). Psycholinguistics (pp. 275-308). Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

McNeill, D. (1992). Hand and mind: what gestures reveal about thought. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.

Meck, W. H. (2001). Neuropharmacology of timing and time perception. Cognitive Brain Research, 3, 227-242.

Mischel, W. and Morf, C. C. (2003). The self as a psycho-social dynamic processing system: a meta-perspective on a century of the self in psychology. M. R. Leary and J. P. Tangney (Eds.). Handbook of self and identity (pp. 15-43). New York and London: The Guilford Press.

Mitchell, M. (1993). Analogy-making as perception: a computer model. Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Miyamoto, R. H., Hishinuma, E. S., Nishimura, S. T., Nahulu, L. B., Andrade, N. N., Johnson, R. C., Makini, Jr., G. K., Nuen, N. Y. C., Kim, S. P., Goebert, D. A., Carlton, B. S. and Bell, S. K. (2001). Equivalencies regarding the measurement and constructs of self-esteem and major life events in an Asian/Pacific Islander sample. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 7(2), 152-163.

Moon, H., Hollenbeck, J. R., Humphrey, S. E. and Maue, B. (2003). The tripartite model of neuroticism and the suppression of depression and anxiety within an escalation of commitment dilemma. Journal of Personality, 71(3), 347-368.

Morais, J. and Kolinsky, R. (2001). The literate mind and the universal human mind. In E. Dupoux (Ed.). Language, brain, and cognitive development: essays in honor of Jacques Mehler (pp. 463-480). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

Moritz, S., Woodward, T. S., Küppers, D., Lausen, A., Schickel, M. (2002). Increased automatic spreading of activation in thought-disordered schizophrenia patients. Schizophrenia Research, 59, 181-186.

Morris, G. L. and Alcorn, M. B. (1995). Raven’s Progressive Matrices and inspection time: P200 slope correlates. Personality and Individual Differences, 18(1), 81-87.

Mullen, L. S., Carlos, B., Vaughan, S. C., Vaughan, R., Roose, S. P. (1999). Defense mechanisms and personality in depression. Depression and Anxiety, 10(4), 168-174.

Muller, D., Judd, C. M. and Yzerbyt, V. Y. (2005). When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 852-863.

Nerlich, B. and Clarke, D. D. (2000). Semantic fields and frames: historical explorations of the interface between language, action, and cognition. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 125-150.

Neyer, F. J. and Voigt, D. (2004). Personality and social network effects on romantic relationships: a dyadic approach. European Journal of Personality, 18(4), 279-299.

Novick, L. R. and Holyoak, K. J. (1991). Mathematical problem solving by analogy. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 398-415.

Öner, N. (1997). Türkiye’de kullanılan psikolojik testler: bir başvuru kaynağı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.

Opt, S. K. and Loffredo, D. A. (2003). Communicator image and Myers-Briggs type indicator extraversion-introversion. Journal of Psychology, 137(6), 560-568.

Pastore, D. R., Fisher, M. and Friedman, S. B. (1996). Abnormalities in weight status, eating attitudes, and eating behaviors among urban high school students: correlations with self-esteem and anxiety. Journal of Adolescent Health, 18, 312-319.

Paulhus, D. L. (1998). Interpersonal and intrapsychic adaptiveness of trait self-enhancement: a mixed blessing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1197-1208.

Pervin, L. A. (1993). Personality: theory and research. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Peters, W., Vossen, P., Díez-Orzas, P. and Adriaens, G. (1998). Cross-linguistic alignment of wordnets with an Inter-Lingual-Index. Computers and the Humanities, 32, 221-251.

Pomerol, J.-C. (1997). Artificial intelligence and human decision making. European Journal of Operational Research, 99, 3-25.

Pullman, H. and Allik, J. (2000). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: its dimensionality, stability and personality correlates in Estonian. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 701-715.

Quelen, F., Grainger, J. and Raymondet, P. (2005). An investigation of semantic priming in schizophrenia using a new priming paradigm. Schizophrenia Research, 80, 173-183.

Radden, G. and Kövecses, Z. (1999). Towards a theory of metonymy. In K.-U. Panther and G. Radden (Eds.). Metonymy in language and thought (pp. 17-66). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Ratti, M. T., Soragna, D., Luisella, S., Giardini, A., Albergati, A. and Savoldi, F. (1999). Cognitive impairment and cerebral atrophy in “heavy drinkers”. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 23(2), 243-258.

Raven, J. (2000). The Raven’s Progressive Matrices: change and stability over culture and time. Cognitive Psychology, 41, 1-48.

Recanati, F. (2002). Does linguistic communication rest on inference? Mind & Language, 17(1-2), 105-126.

Reed, C. L. (2003). What is body schema? In A. N. Meltzoff and W. Prinz (Eds.). The imitative mind: development, evolution, and brain bases (pp. 233-243). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Reuter, M., Roth, S., Holve, K. and Hennig, J. (2006). Identification of first candidate genes for creativity: A pilot study. Brain Research, 1069(1), 190-197.

Ricci Bitti, P. E. and Poggi, I. (1991). Symbolic nonverbal behavior: talking through gestures. In Robert S. Feldman and Bernard Rimé (Eds). Fundamentals of nonverbal behavior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 431-457.

Riggio, H. R. and Riggio, R. E. (2002). Emotional expressiveness, extraversion, and neuroticism: a meta-analysis. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 26(4), 195-218.

Riggio, R. E. and Friedman, H. S. (1986). Impression formation: the role of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 421-427.

Robins, R. W., Tracy, J. L., Trzesniewski, K., Potter, J. and Gosling, S. D. (2001). Personality correlates of self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 35, 463-482.

Rodriguez-Ferrera, S., McCarthy, R. A., McKenna, P. J. (2001). Language in schizophrenia and its relationship to formal thought disorder. Psychological Medicine, 31, 197-205.

Rosenberg, M. (1962). The association between self-esteem and anxiety. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 1(2), 135-152.

Roth, W.-M. and Lawless, D. V. (2002). How does the Body get into the Mind? Human Studies, 25, 333-358.

Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez, F. J. and Pérez Hernández, L. (2001). Metonymy and the grammar: motivation, constraints and interaction. Language & Communication, 21, 321-357.

Ryckman, R. M. (1978). Theories of personality. New York: D. Van Company.

Schaefer, P. S., Williams, C. C., Goodie, A. S. and Campbell, W. K. (2004). Overconfidence and the Big Five. Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 473-480.

Schäffner, C. (2004). Metaphor and translation: some implications of a cognitive approach. Journal of Pragmatics, 36(7), 1253-1269.

Schank, R. C. (1995). Tell me a story: narrative and intelligence. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press.

Schank, R. C. and Abelson, R. (1977). Scripts, plans, goals and understanding: an inquiry into human knowledge. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Schilbach, L., Wohlschlaeger, A. M., Kraemer, N. C., Newen, A., Shah, N. J., Fink, G. R. and Vogeley, K. (2006). Being with virtual others: Neural correlates of social interaction. Neuropsychologia, 44, 718-730.

Schultz, D. (1976). Theories of personality. Monterey, California: Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.

Seta, J. J., Donaldson, S. and Seta, C. E. (1999). Self-relevance as a moderator of self-enhancement and self-verification. Journal of Research in Personality, 33, 442-462.

Shapiro, T. (1989). Psychoanalytic classification and empiricism with borderline personality disorder as a modal. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Pscychology, 57(2), 187-194.

Shen, Y. (1999). Principles of metaphor interpretation and the notion of ‘domain’: A proposal for a hybrid model. Journal of Pragmatics, 31(12), 1631-1653.

Silvera, D. H., Martinussen, M. and Dahl, T. I. (2001). The Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale, a self-report measure of social intelligence. Scandavian Journal of Psychology, 42, 313-319.

Simon, B. (2004). Identity in modern society: a social psychological perspective. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.

Simonton, D. K. (2000). Creativity: cognitive, personal, developmental, and social aspects. American Psychologist, 55(1), 151-158.

Sinclair, J. (editor-in-chief). (1990). Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary. London and Glasgow: Collins.

Sodian, B., Hülsken, C. and Thoermer, C. (2003). The self and action in theory of mind research. Consciousness and Cognition, 12, 777-782.

Sperber, D. and Wilson, D. (2002). Pragmatics, modularity and mind-reading. Mind & Language, 17(1-2), 3-23.

Sperber, D. and Wilson, D. (1997). The mapping between the mental and the public lexicon. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 9, 1-20.

SPSS Inc. (2005). AMOS 5.0 for Windows.

SPSS Inc. (2002). SPSS 11.0 for Windows.

Stafford, B. M. (1999). Visual analogy. Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Stankov, L. (2000). Structural extensions of a hierchical view on human cognitive abilities. Learning and Individual Differences, 12, 35-51.

Steels, L. (1995). When are robots intelligent autonomous agents? Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 15, 3-9.

Steen, G. (2001). From linguistic to conceptual metaphor in five steps. R. W. Gibbs and G. J. Steen (Eds.). Metaphor in cognitive linguistics: selected papers from the Fifth International Cognitive Linguistics Conference (pp. 57-77). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Sternberg, R. J. (1997). The concept of intelligence and its role in lifelong learning and success. American Psychologist, 52(10), 1030-1037.

Stevenson, R. J. (1993). Language, thought and representation. Chicester: Wiley and Sons.

Strauss, C., Quinn, N., Fessler, D., Johnson, A. W., Lebra, T. S., Lucy, J., Whitehead, H. (eds.). (1998). A cognitive theory of cultural meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Suzuki, L. and Aronson, J. (2005). The cultural malleability of intelligence and its impact on the racial/ethnic hierarchy. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 11(2), 320-327.

Swick, D. (1998). Effects of prefrontal lesions on lexical processing and repetition priming: an ERP study. Cognitive Brain Research, 7, 143-157.

Symons, D. K. (2004). Mental state discourse, theory of mind, and the internalization of self-other understanding. Developmental Review, 24, 159-188.

Szuba, T. (2001). A formal definition of the phenomenon of collective intelligence and its IQ measure. Future Generation Computer Systems, 17, 489-500.

Tabachnick, B. G. and Fidell, S. F. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Boston : Allyn and Bacon.

Talmy, L. (2000a). Towards a cognitive semantics- Vol.1. Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Talmy, L. (2000b). Towards a cognitive semantics- Vol.2. Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Tannen, D. and Wallat, C. (1993). Interactive frames and knowledge schemata in interaction: examples from a medical examination/interview. In D. Tannen (Ed.). Framing in discourse (pp. 57-76). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Taub, S. F. (2000). Iconicity in American sign language: concrete and metaphorical application. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 2, 31-50.

Taylor, J. R. (2002). Cognitive grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Tice, D. M., Butler, J. L., Muraven, M. B. and Stillwell, A. M. (1995). When modesty prevails: differential favorability of self-presentation to friends and strangers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(6), 1120-1138.

Tuggy, D. (1999). Linguistic evidence for polysemy in the mind: a response to William Croft and Dominiek Sandra. Cognitive Linguistics, 10, 343-368.

Tversky, B., Bauer Morrison, J. and Zacks, J. (2003). On bodies and events. In A. N. Meltzoff and W. Prinz (Eds.). The imitative mind: development, evolution, and brain bases (pp. 221-232). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

van der Ven, A. H. G. S. and Ellis, J. L. (2000). A Rasch analysis of Raven’s standard progressive matrices. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 45-64.

Vogeley, K., Bussfeld, P., Newen, A., Herrmann, S., Happé, F., Falkai, P., Maier, W., Shah, N. J., Fink, G. R., Zilles, K. (2001). Mind reading: Neural mechanisms of theory of mind and self-perspective. NeuroImage, 14, 170-181.

Vossen, P., Bloksma, L., Alonge, A., Marinai, E., Peters, C., Castellon, I., Marti, A., Rigau, G. (1998). Compatibility in interpretation of relations in Euro Wordnet. Computers and the Humanities, 32, 153-184.

Völlm, B. A., Taylor, A. N. W., Richardson, P., Corcoran, R., Stirling, J., McKie, S., Deakin, J. F. W. and Elliott, R. (2006). Neuronal correlates of theory of mind and empathy: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study in a nonverbal task. NeuroImage, 29, 90-98.

Walsh, P. (1990). Imagery as a heuristic in the comprehension of metaphorical analogies. In K. J. Gilhooly, M. T. G. Keane, R. H. Logie and G. Erdas (Eds.). Lines of thinking: reflections on the psychology of thought. Volume 1: representation, reasoning, analogy and decision making (pp. 237-250). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Waltz, J. A., Knowlton, B. J., Holyoak, K. J., Boone, K. B., Mishkin, F. S., de Menezes Santos, M., Thomas, C. R. and Miller, B. L. (1999). A system for relational reasoning in human prefrontal cortex. Psychological Science, 10(2), 119-125.

Wang, H., Liu, Q., and Tu, Y. (2005). Interpretation of partial least-squares regression models with VARIMAX rotation. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 48, 207-219.

Weinberg, R. A. (1989). Intelligence and IQ: Landmark issues and great debates. American Psychologist, 44(2), 98-104.

Weld, D. S. (1988). Book review. Artificial Intelligence, 35, 137-141.

White, S. H. (2000). Conceptual foundations of IQ testing. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 6(1), 33-43.

Wikipedia. (2006). “Ablution”. Online: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablution [Access: 05.15.2006]

Williams, J. M. G., Watts, F. N., MacLeod, C. and Mathews, A. (1997). Cognitive psychology and emotional disorders. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Wilson, D. (2005). New directions for research on pragmatics and modularity. Lingua, 115, 1129-1146.

Wilson, D. (2000). Metarepresentation in linguistic communication. In D. Sperber (ed.). Metarepresentations: an interdisciplinary perspective (pp. 127-162). New York: Oxford University Press.

Wilson, D. and Sperber, D. (2002). Relevance theory. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 14, 249-287.

Wilson, W. H., Graeme, S. H., Gray, B. and Phillips, S. (2001). The STAR-2 model for mapping hierarchically structured analogs. In D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (Eds.). The analogical mind: perspectives from cognitive science (pp. 125-159). Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Winter, D. G. (2005). Things I’ve learned about personality from studying political leaders at a distance. Journal of Personality, 73(3), 557-584.

Winter, D. G., John, O. P., Stewart, A. J., Klohnen, E. C. and Duncan, L. E. (1998). Traits and motives: toward an integration of two traditions in personality research. Psychological Review, 105(2), 230-250.

Yeomans, F. E. and Levy, K. N. (2002). An object relations perspective on borderline personality. Acta Neuropsychiatrica, 14(2), 76-80.

Zalla, T., Pradat-Diehl, P. and Sirigu, A. (2003). Perception of action boundaries in patients with frontal lobe damage. Neuropsychologia, 41, 1619-1627.

Metadata

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Cogprints is powered by EPrints 3 which is developed by the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton. More information and software credits.